Cloning and expression analysis of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss interferon regulatory factor 1 and 2 (IRF-1 and IRF-2)

Gene structure and transcription of IRF-1 and IRF-7 in the mandarin fish Siniperca chuatsi

“…Compared with the inductive transcription of mandarin fish Mx protein, the IRF-1 and IRF-7 mRNAs were constitutively expressed. The mandarin fish IRF-1 was abundant in gill, pronerphros, spleen and kidney, and expressed at a low level in liver; and these observations are similar to the pattern observed in rainbow trout (Collet et al, 2003). The mandarin fish IRF-7 transcripted constitutively at a similar level to IRF-1, and abundant in most organs; the elevated transcription was found not only in lymphoid organs, such as spleen and pronephros, but also in other organs, e.g.…”

“…All elements of type I IFN responses, in either the systemic production of IFN in innate immunity or the local action of IFN from plasmacytoid dendritic cells in adaptive immunity, are under the control of IRF-7 (Honda et al, 2005a, b). In teleost fish; however, IRF genes have been sequenced only from a few species of fish although the fish are a large heterogeneous group of lower vertebrates: IRF-1 and IRF-2 in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Collet et al, 2003), IRF-7 similar sequence in crucian carp Carassius auratus (Zhang et al, 2003), IRF in pufferfish Fugu rubripes and Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus which are in fact IRF-1 molecules (Yabu et al, 1998;Richardson et al, 2001). In comparison with mammals, the knowledge of fish IRFs is rather limited, and much more research is certainly needed to understand the diversity of the IRF members and their functions in fish immune system.…”

Interferon regulatory factor-2 in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides): Gene, inductive expression pattern and subcellular localization

“…IRF-2 is a constitutively expressed protein in mammals (Cha and Deisseroth, 1994), and it shows constitutive expression in a wide range of tissues in vivo and in a cultured fibroblast cell line of trout (Collet et al, 2003). In this study, determination of EcIRF-2 mRNA levels reveals that the EcIRF-2 gene is expressed in various adult tissues, and significant expression is in the liver, spleen and muscle.…”

“…IRF-2 also has an unexpected role in the regulation of apoptosis and cell growth (Cuesta et al, 2003). Due to the significant differences between mammals and fish, much effort has been made to study fish IRF family in recent years, and a few members have been reported, such as IRF-1, IRF-2, IRF-3 and IRF-7 (Holland et al, 2008;Kileng et al, 2009;Caipang et al, 2009;Jia and Guo, 2008;Sun et al, 2006;Collet et al, 2003;Zhang et al, 2003).…”

Expression analysis of three immune genes Interferon-gamma, Mx and Interferon regulatory factor-1 of Japanese flounder ( Paralichthys olivaceus )

“…Several IRFs have been characterized in model fish and some economically important fish species. For example, IRF-1 had been cloned in Japanese flounder 30 and later in rainbow trout 31 , turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) 32 and mandarin fish (Siniperca chuasti) 33 . Japanese flounder is an important economic marine fish species in the world due to its rapid growth, good taste and high nutritive value.…”