Closing gaps for performing a risk assessment on Listeria monocytogenes in ready‐to‐eat (RTE) foods: activity 2, a quantitative risk characterization on L. monocytogenes in RTE foods; starting from the retail stage

Pérez‐Rodríguez, Fernando; Carrasco, Elena; Bover‐Cid, Sara; Jofré, Anna; Valero, Antonio

doi:10.2903/sp.efsa.2017.en-1252

Cited by 33 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 158 publications

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“…According to Pérez‐Rodríguez et al. (), the uncertainty range in the estimates, here mostly reflecting variability, is important to consider when types of product and populations are compared. In some cases, the 95% interval ranged more than one order of magnitude (e.g.…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Listeria monocytogenes contamination of ready‐to‐eat foods and the risk for human health in the EU

Ricci¹,

Allende²,

Bolton³

et al. 2018

EFS2

246

218

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Food safety criteria for Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat (RTE) foods have been applied from 2006 onwards (Commission Regulation (EC) 2073/2005. Still, human invasive listeriosis was reported to increase over the period [2009][2010][2011][2012][2013] in the European Union and European Economic Area (EU/EEA). Time series analysis for the 2008-2015 period in the EU/EEA indicated an increasing trend of the monthly notified incidence rate of confirmed human invasive listeriosis of the over 75 age groups and female age group between 25 and 44 years old (probably related to pregnancies). A conceptual model was used to identify factors in the food chain as potential drivers for L. monocytogenes contamination of RTE foods and listeriosis. Factors were related to the host (i. population size of the elderly and/or susceptible people; ii. underlying condition rate), the food (iii. L. monocytogenes prevalence in RTE food at retail; iv. L. monocytogenes concentration in RTE food at retail; v. storage conditions after retail; vi. consumption), the national surveillance systems (vii. improved surveillance), and/or the bacterium (viii. virulence). Factors considered likely to be responsible for the increasing trend in cases are the increased population size of the elderly and susceptible population except for the 25-44 female age group. For the increased incidence rates and cases, the likely factor is the increased proportion of susceptible persons in the age groups over 45 years old for both genders. Quantitative modelling suggests that more than 90% of invasive listeriosis is caused by ingestion of RTE food containing > 2,000 colony forming units (CFU)/g, and that one-third of cases are due to growth in the consumer phase. Awareness should be increased among stakeholders, especially in relation to susceptible risk groups. Innovative methodologies including whole genome sequencing (WGS) for strain identification and monitoring of trends are recommended. Acknowledgements: The Panel wishes to thank the hearing experts: Andrew Hart and Sophie Roussel for the support provided to this scientific output. The Panel also wishes to thank the consortia of the three outsourcing activities under 'Closing gaps for performing a risk assessment on L. monocytogenes in RTE foods' for their collaboration. In addition, R egis Pouillot is thanked for sharing the dose response model as described in Pouillot et al. (2015). Also the epidemiologists and microbiologists of the nominated public health contact points for listeriosis and Listeria isolates in the European Food-and Waterborne Diseases and Zoonoses network (FWD-Net) are thanked for replying to the questionnaire related to the surveillance of listeriosis.

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Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Listeria monocytogenes contamination of ready‐to‐eat foods and the risk for human health in the EU

Ricci¹,

Allende²,

Bolton³

et al. 2018

EFS2

246

218

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“…monocytogenes was derived for 14 age/gender groups, while Pérez‐Rodríguez et al. () considered three groups, >65 years old, pregnant women and <65 years old.…”

Section: Required Scientific Evidence and Data Relevant For Considerimentioning

confidence: 99%

Guidance on the requirements for the development of microbiological criteria

Ricci¹,

Allende²,

Bolton³

et al. 2017

EFS2

Self Cite

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The European Food Safety Authority asked the Panel on Biological Hazards (BIOHAZ) to deliver a scientific opinion providing: (i) a review of the approaches used by the BIOHAZ Panel to address requests from risk managers to suggest the establishment of microbiological criteria; (ii) guidance on the required scientific evidence, data and methods/tools necessary for considering the development of microbiological criteria for pathogenic microorganisms and indicator microorganisms; (iii) recommendations on methods/tools to design microbiological criteria and (iv) guidelines for the requirements and tasks of risk assessors, compared to risk managers, in relation to microbiological criteria. This document provides guidance on approaches when: (i) a quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) is available, (ii) prevalence and concentration data are available, but not a QMRA model, and (iii) neither a QMRA nor prevalence and/or concentration data are available. The role of risk assessors should be focused on assessing the impact of different microbiological criteria on public health and on product compliance. It is the task of the risk managers to: (1) formulate unambiguous questions, preferably in consultation with risk assessors, (2) decide on the establishment of a microbiological criterion, or target in primary production sectors, and to formulate the specific intended purpose for using such criteria, (3) consider the uncertainties in impact assessments on public health and on product compliance and (4) decide the point in the food chain where the microbiological criteria are intended to be applied and decide on the actions which should be taken in case of noncompliance. It is the task of the risk assessors to support risk managers to ensure that questions are formulated in a way that a precise answer can be given, if sufficient information is available, and to ensure clear and unambiguous answers, including the assessment of uncertainties, based on available scientific evidence.

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“…The overall objective was to provide EFSA with a quantitative risk characterisation of L. monocytogenes in various RTE food categories in the EU, starting from the retail stage. A report was published as the outcome of this activity (Pérez-Rodríguez et al, 2017).…”

Section: Outsourcing Activity 2: Quantitative Risk Characterization Omentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Factors considered as likely as not (33-66%) to increase human invasive starting from the retail stage. A report was published as the outcome of this activity (Pérez-Rodríguez et al, 2017 (Møller Nielsen et al, 2017). The overall objective was to compare L. monocytogenes isolates collected in the EU from RTE foods, compartments along the food chain and humans using WGS analysis.…”

Section: Evidence To Explain the Trend In Listeriosis Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stakeholder meeting on the draft scientific opinion on Listeria monocytogenes contamination of ready‐to‐eat foods and the risk for human health in the EU

2017

EFSA Supporting Publications

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The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) carried out a public consultation to receive input from the scientific community and all interested parties on the draft Scientific Opinion on Listeria monocytogenes contamination of ready-to-eat (RTE) foods and the risk for human health in the EU, prepared by the EFSA Scientific Panel on Biological Hazards (BIOHAZ Panel) and endorsed by the BIOHAZ Panel for public consultation at its Plenary meeting on 6 July 2017. The written public consultation for this document was open from 24 July 2017 to 29 September 2017. Before the closure of the public consultation, EFSA organised a meeting with stakeholders who expressed interest to participate at the meeting on 19-20 September 2017 to present the draft Scientific Opinion and gather feedback. Speakers' presentations covered: (i) the potential health effects associated with L. monocytogenes and the relation between doses and illness in different risk groups; (ii) the exposure to L. monocytogenes by consumption of three categories of RTE foods as well as the factors that may affect exposure; and (iii) the trends of human listeriosis cases in the EU with potential explanatory factors. An overview of the presentations given, remarks made, and the most relevant discussion points put forward during the stakeholder meeting are provided in this report.

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Closing gaps for performing a risk assessment on Listeria monocytogenes in ready‐to‐eat (RTE) foods: activity 2, a quantitative risk characterization on L. monocytogenes in RTE foods; starting from the retail stage

Cited by 33 publications

References 158 publications

Listeria monocytogenes contamination of ready‐to‐eat foods and the risk for human health in the EU

Listeria monocytogenes contamination of ready‐to‐eat foods and the risk for human health in the EU

Guidance on the requirements for the development of microbiological criteria

Stakeholder meeting on the draft scientific opinion on Listeria monocytogenes contamination of ready‐to‐eat foods and the risk for human health in the EU

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