Closure of logging wounds after 10 years

Smith, H. Clay; Miller, Gary W.; Schuler, Thomas M.

doi:10.2737/ne-rp-692

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Impact on residual trees and/or to the regeneration of forest after forest harvesting continues to be one of the major concerns of forest managers responsible for implementing selection harvests (Reisinger and Pope 1991;Smith et al 1994;Nikooy et al 2010). The reduction of the negative effects of felling and extraction is one of the main goals when achieving sustainable forest management (Sist and Nguyen-Thé 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of logging wounds on diameter growth of beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) trees following selection cutting in Caspian forests of Iran

Tavankar

Bonyad

Marchi

et al. 2015

N.Z. j. of For. Sci.

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Background: Logging damage to residual trees during selection cutting may lead to serious economic losses in terms of both timber quality and diameter growth reduction. In this study, we investigated the effect of logging operations on residual tree damage and the consequence of injuries on diameter growth in an uneven-aged mixed forest dominated by beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky). Methods: The diameter growth of 56 wounded and 56 unwounded beech trees were compared 12 years after selected logging of other trees had taken place in an Iranian Caspian forest. Results: Of total logging wounds, 25.0 % (14 wounds) were caused by felling operations and 75.0 % (42 wounds) were caused by winching operations. The reduction in diameter growth of wounded beech trees was only observed in the breast height DBH range below 55 cm. The diameter growth of wounded trees was 8.1 % lower than in unwounded trees. The vertical distance from the ground of wounding was a significant factor in diameter growth. Wounds that were larger than 200 cm 2 in area significantly reduced diameter growth of beech trees. Whether wounds were closed or open wounds had no significant effect on diameter growth but decayed wounds reduced diameter growth by 15.3 %.Conclusions: This study suggested that intensive logging wounds reduce diameter growth, especially in young beech trees. In addition to the intensity, size and position of wounds and tree age, the reduction of diameter growth was related to the ratio of wound size to stem area.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of logging wounds on diameter growth of beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) trees following selection cutting in Caspian forests of Iran

Tavankar

Bonyad

Marchi

et al. 2015

N.Z. j. of For. Sci.

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“…Using portions of this experimental framework, past analyses have addressed numerous forest management concerns, including residual tree quality following partial cutting (Trimble and Smith 1970;Smith et al 1994), composition of natural regeneration (Smith and Miller 1987;Miller et al 1995), forest economics (Miller 1991(Miller , 1993, growth and yield (Trimble 1961, and forest management effects on water yield (Troendle 1979). My objective was to use the experimental design as intended by the original investigators to assess treatment-, site-, and time-related effects on species composition and forest productivity, including the potential interaction between species composition and productivity through time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fifty years of partial harvesting in a mixed mesophytic forest: composition and productivity

Schuler¹

2004

Can. J. For. Res.

123

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Long-term silvicultural trials contribute to sustainable forest management by providing a better scientific understanding of how forest ecosystems respond to periodic timber harvesting. In this study, species composition, diversity, and net periodic growth of tree species in a mixed mesophytic forest in the central Appalachians were evaluated after about a half century of management. Three partial cutting practices on 18 research compartments and on 3 unmanaged reference compartments were evaluated on 280 ha. Single-tree selection, diameter-limit harvesting, and timber harvesting in 0.162-ha patches were assessed on three northern red oak site index 50 (SI) classes: 24, 21, and 18. Shannon-Weiner's diversity index (H′) declined from the first (1951-1959) to last (1987-2001) measurements and was related to both SI (P = 0.004) and treatment (P = 0.009). Sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) and red maple (Acer rubrum L.) were the two most abundant species in recent years (1987)(1988)(1989)(1990)(1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001); in contrast, in initial inventories (1951)(1952)(1953)(1954)(1955)(1956)(1957)(1958)(1959), northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) and chestnut oak (Quercus prinus L.) were most abundant. Net periodic annual increment (PAI) of merchantable trees (DBH ≥12.7 cm) was related to both SI (P = 0.004) and treatment (P = 0.003). Mean PAI ranged from 4.6 m 3 ·ha -1 ·year -1 for single-tree selection to 2.5 m 3 ·ha -1 ·year -1 for unmanaged reference areas across all SI classes. The decline of oak species suggests that only intensive and specific forest management focused on maintaining oak species can obtain historical levels of diversity.Résumé : Les expériences sylvicoles à long terme contribuent à l'aménagement forestier durable en procurant une meilleure compréhension scientifique de la façon dont les écosystèmes forestiers réagissent à une récolte périodique de matière ligneuse. Dans cet article, la composition en espèces, la diversité et la croissance périodique nette des espèces arborescentes dans une forêt mésique mixte de la zone centrale des Appalaches ont été évaluées après un demi-siècle d'aménagement. Trois méthodes de coupe partielle dans 18 compartiments expérimentaux et trois compartiments té-moins non aménagés ont été évalués sur une superficie de 280 ha. La coupe de jardinage par pied d'arbre, la coupe à diamètre limite et la coupe par trouées de 0,162 ha ont été évaluées pour trois classes d'indice 50 de station du chêne rouge : 24, 21 et 18. L'indice de diversité de Shannon-Weiner (H′) a diminué du premier (1951-1959) au dernier (1987-2001) inventaire et était relié à la fois à l'indice de station (P = 0,004) et au traitement (P = 0,009). L'érable à sucre (Acer saccharum Marsh.) et l'érable rouge (Acer rubrum L.) étaient les deux espèces les plus abondantes au cours des dernières années (1987)(1988)(1989)(1990)(1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001), alors que le chêne rouge (Quercu rubra L.) et le chêne châtai-gnier (Que...

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“…These assumptions are consistent with research on the impacts of logging damage to hardwood stands (Lamson et al. 1985;Lamson and Smith 1988;Nyland and Gabriel 1971;Nyland and Gabriel 1972;Ohman 1970;Smith et al. 1994).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 85%

The Silvicultural and Economic Impact of Professional Forestry Assistance on Timber Harvests on Non-Industrial, Private Forestland in West Virginia

Moss¹

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Timber harvests conducted on 90 non-industrial, private forestland properties in West Virginia were investigated to determine the effects that professional foresters have on harvest characteristics and residual stand attributes. Harvests were classified based on the type of forester involved with the harvest: 1) consulting/state service foresters representing landowners, 2) industry foresters (procurement or management) representing forest products firms, and 3) no involvement by a professional forester. Consulting foresters removed less basal area, sawtimber volume, and timber value from the stand compared to the other two groups. Consulting foresters had less of an impact on quadratic mean diameter and displayed a lower preference for harvesting the more valuable species. Residual stands resulting from consultant harvests were more likely to be fully-stocked, contained higher proportions of basal area in acceptable growing stock and dominant/codominant crown classes, and suffered less damage from logging. There were virtually no differences between industry foresters and non-foresters for any of the harvest or residual stand attributes examined. Each harvest was given an overall evaluation based on a combination of residual stocking level, proportion of the residual stand in acceptable growing stock, and damage to the residual trees. Nearly one-fourth of the consultant harvests received a "good" evaluation, compared to less than 10% of industry forester harvests and no harvests which lacked the involvement of a forester. Less than one-fourth of the consultant harvests received a "poor" evaluation, compared to one-half to two-thirds for the other two groups. Four post-harvest stands representative of "good" and "poor" harvest practices were projected for 20 years into the future using the Forest Vegetation Simulator (FVS) computer growth and yield model. Twenty years after harvest, tracts subjected to "good" harvesting were projected to contain twice the volume of high-quality sawtimber and nearly three times the volume in acceptable growing stock sawtimber compared to tracts subjected to "poor" harvesting. Both "good" tracts contained more than 7,000 board feet per acre in acceptable growing stock, including more than 4,000 board feet per acre in trees 20" DBH or greater. By contrast, "poor" tracts contained 3,000 board feet per acre or less in acceptable growing stock and contained less than 1,500 board feet per acre in trees 20" DBH or greater. Due to the lack of a sufficient volume of quality sawtimber in the larger DBH classes on tracts subjected to "poor" harvest practices, it will likely be necessary to subject these tracts to poor harvest practices again in the future, in order to carry out a commercial harvest.

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Closure of logging wounds after 10 years

Cited by 21 publications

References 1 publication

Effect of logging wounds on diameter growth of beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) trees following selection cutting in Caspian forests of Iran

Effect of logging wounds on diameter growth of beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) trees following selection cutting in Caspian forests of Iran

Fifty years of partial harvesting in a mixed mesophytic forest: composition and productivity

The Silvicultural and Economic Impact of Professional Forestry Assistance on Timber Harvests on Non-Industrial, Private Forestland in West Virginia

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