Closure to “Discussion of ‘Ruthenium‐Based Mixed Oxides as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution in Acid Electrolytes’ [R. S. Yeo, J. Orehotsky, W. Visscher, and S. Srinivasan (pp. 1900–1904, Vol. 128, No. 9)]”

Yeo, R. S.; Orehotsky, J.; Visscher, Whm Wil; Srinivasan, Shriram

doi:10.1149/1.2124112

Cited by 35 publications

(61 citation statements)

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“…Ruthenium-iridium oxide showed improved electronic properties and suppressed the formation of RuO 4 ; alloying the above two metals with tantalum (Ta) enhanced OER kinetics and the addition of tin (Sn) resulted in a metastable mixed oxide. 86,87 Recently, Ru-rich Pt electrocatalysts and titanium (Ti)-or titanium carbide (TiC)-supported electrocatalysts for OER have been suggested. 88,89 Bifunctional electrocatalysts, which can work for both oxygen evolution and oxygen reduction, have also been proposed for water electrolysis.…”

Section: ) (24)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen production by alkaline water electrolysis

Santos¹,

Sequeira²,

Figueiredo³

2013

Quím. Nova

389

226

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Recebido em 13/12/12; aceito em 28/5/13; publicado na web em 17/7/13Water electrolysis is one of the simplest methods used for hydrogen production. It has the advantage of being able to produce hydrogen using only renewable energy. To expand the use of water electrolysis, it is mandatory to reduce energy consumption, cost, and maintenance of current electrolyzers, and, on the other hand, to increase their efficiency, durability, and safety. In this study, modern technologies for hydrogen production by water electrolysis have been investigated. In this article, the electrochemical fundamentals of alkaline water electrolysis are explained and the main process constraints (e.g., electrical, reaction, and transport) are analyzed. The historical background of water electrolysis is described, different technologies are compared, and main research needs for the development of water electrolysis technologies are discussed.

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Section: ) (24)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen production by alkaline water electrolysis

Santos¹,

Sequeira²,

Figueiredo³

2013

Quím. Nova

389

226

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…After the development of the DSA ® [1], both fundamental and applied researches have been carried out as reviewed by Trasatti [2][3][4]. For instance, industrial applications for chlor-alkali processes [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]; the form of Ti substrates (e.g., nets, meshes, expanded metals) of the DSA ® s used in industry [8][9][10][11]; the optimum chemical composition such as RuO 2 (30%)-TiO 2 (70%)/Ti [12][13][14]; recommended preparation temperature (e.g., 400~500°C for RuO 2 -TiO 2 /Ti) [13,15]; surface area (roughness factor) of oxide electrodes such as IrO 2 -RuO 2 /Ti electrodes [16][17][18]; observation of the mud-cracks by scanning electron microscopy [19,20]; effect of the preparation conditions on the formation of solid-solution (e.g., RuO 2 -TiO 2 /Ti) [21,22] …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural analyses of RuO2–TiO2/Ti and IrO2–RuO2–TiO2/Ti anodes used in industrial chlor-alkali membrane processes

Takasu

Sugimoto

Nishiki³

et al. 2010

J Appl Electrochem

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The morphology and composition of RuO 2 -TiO 2 /Ti and IrO 2 -RuO 2 -TiO 2 /Ti anodes, which have been used for the production of chlorine for more than 10 years, were analyzed by various methods; such as high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM), high-resolution Auger electron spectroscopy (HR-AES), electron probe X-ray emission microanalysis (EPMA) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). Drastic changes in the surface morphology, including partial exfoliation of a small amount of the oxide layer and a reduction in the content of ruthenium species through dissolution, were observed for the RuO 2 -TiO 2 /Ti anode. For the IrO 2 -RuO 2 -TiO 2 /Ti anode, on the other hand, there were moderate changes in the surface morphology and moderate dissolution of iridium and ruthenium species.

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“…5,6,7 From the numerous metal oxides studied, perovskite oxides emerged as promising electrocatalysts for both the OER and ORR (oxygen reduction reaction) in alkaline media where a number of these oxides have been reported to be sufficiently stable for practical applications. 8,9 The perovskite-type oxide family, has the general formula ABO 3 , where the A-site is occupied by an alkaline earth element, such as Ca, Ba and Sr and rare earth elements (lanthanides) such as La or Pr.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrocatalysis of Perovskites: The Influence of Carbon on the Oxygen Evolution Activity

Mohamed

Cheng

Fabbri

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Single and double perovskite oxides have been reported to be amongst the most active electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline electrolyte. Although a detailed study of the bulk electronic structure-activity relationship towards oxygen evolution on these oxides has been reported, the influence of carbon on the behavior of these oxides as OER catalysts is not yet clearly understood. In the present work we study the influence of functionalized acetylene black (AB f ) carbon in the electrode composition on the OER activity for perovskite oxides using the thin-film rotating disk electrode technique. It was found that the addition of AB f significantly enhances the OER activity of the single perovskite oxides, namely Ba 0.5 Sr 0.5 Co 0.8 Fe 0.2 O 3-δ , (BSCF) and La 0.6 Sr 0.4 Co 0.2 Fe 0.8 O 3-δ (LSCF). The activity of the double perovskite oxide, (Pr 0.5 Ba 0.5 )CoO 3-δ (PBCO), was relatively unaffected by the addition of AB f in the electrode. Ex situ impedance spectroscopy measurements at room temperature showed that BSCF powder displayed a lower resistivity compared to PBCO with LSCF displaying the highest resistivity of the three materials. These results therefore suggest that the AB f present can more than simply improve the conductive pathway in the perovskite/carbon composite electrodes but can also significantly enhance the electrocatalytic activity of selected perovskites towards the OER. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER), the process of generating molecular oxygen through the electrochemical oxidation of water, is a key reaction in energy storage processes involving hydrogen and central to addressing the impending global energy crisis. This reaction, occurring at the anode of the water splitting reaction, is primarily governed by slow kinetics 1 and has therefore been extensively studied to improve the performance of devices such as water electrolyzers. 2,3,4 Significant overpotential losses remain a hurdle which requires the need for rare and expensive noble-metal based electrocatalysts for efficient operation. The development and application of new materials able to compete with expensive state-of-the-art current electrocatalysts for hydrogen generating devices therefore yields a great challenge.Various electrocatalytic materials have been studied in the past towards improving the OER, where the oxides of Ir and Ru have been conventionally identified as the most active, often in mixtures with other transition metal oxides. 5,6,7 From the numerous metal oxides studied, perovskite oxides emerged as promising electrocatalysts for both the OER and ORR (oxygen reduction reaction) in alkaline media where a number of these oxides have been reported to be sufficiently stable for practical applications. 8,9 The perovskite-type oxide family, has the general formula ABO 3 , where the A-site is occupied by an alkaline earth element, such as Ca, Ba and Sr and rare earth elements (lanthanides) such as La or Pr. The B-site is occupied by a transition metal element in 6-fold coordination to...

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Closure to “Discussion of ‘Ruthenium‐Based Mixed Oxides as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution in Acid Electrolytes’ [R. S. Yeo, J. Orehotsky, W. Visscher, and S. Srinivasan (pp. 1900–1904, Vol. 128, No. 9)]”

Abstract: not Available.

Cited by 35 publications

References 0 publications

Hydrogen production by alkaline water electrolysis

Hydrogen production by alkaline water electrolysis

Structural analyses of RuO2–TiO2/Ti and IrO2–RuO2–TiO2/Ti anodes used in industrial chlor-alkali membrane processes

Electrocatalysis of Perovskites: The Influence of Carbon on the Oxygen Evolution Activity

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