Clsm: Couple Layered Security Model a High-Capacity Data Hiding Scheme Using With Steganography

Abstract

Cryptography and steganography are the two significant techniques used in secrecy of communications and in safe message transfer. In this study CLSM -Couple Layered Security Model is suggested which has a hybrid structure enhancing information security using features of cryptography and steganography. In CLSM system; the information which has been initially cryptographically encrypted is steganographically embedded in an image at the next step. The information is encrypted by means of a Text Keyword consisting of maximum 16 digits determined by the user in cryptography method. Similarly, the encrypted information is processed, during the embedding stage, using a 16 digit pin (I-PIN) which is determined again by the user. The carrier images utilized in the study have been determined as 24 bit/pixel colour. Utilization of images in .jpeg, .tiff, .pnp format has also been provided. The performance of the CLSM method has been evaluated according to the objective quality measurement criteria of PSNR-dB (Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio) and SSIM (Structural Similarity Index). In the study, 12 different sized information between 1000 and 609,129 bits were embedded into images. Between 34.14 and 65.8 dB PSNR values and between 0.989 and 0.999 SSIM values were obtained. CLSM showed better results compared to Pixel Value Differencing (PVD) method, Simulated Annealing (SA) Algorithm and Mix column transform based on irreducible polynomial mathematics methods.

Image Steganography-Based GUI Design to Hide Agricultural Data

“…In the LSB substitution two-bit method, the data hiding process is performed by replacing the least significant two bits of the colored cover image. Although up to six-bit data is hidden in one pixel of the colored cover image, four-bit data are usually hidden in the literature studies using this method [21,[41][42]. The red (R), green (G), and blue (B) color channels can hide maximum six-bit data by using last two-bit data, or four-bit data are hidden using different versions as R2G2, G2B2, R2B2, R2G1B1 etc.…”

“…The first nine-bit (010000010) of the secret data is hidden on the first two adjacent pixels of the apples cover image in the block diagram. The first two adjacent pixel values of the cover image are RGB (42,57,24) and RGB (41,56,25), whereas the first two adjacent pixel values that occur in the stego image are RGB (43,56,24) and RGB (41,56,26). As seen from the example in the block diagram, although the nine-bit part of the secret data is hidden in the apple cover image, stego image has negligible change that cannot be perceived by the human eye.…”

A new approach for Steganography: Bit shifting operation of encrypted data in LSB (SED-LSB)

“…Kocak proposed a Couple Layered Security Model (CLSM) to hide high-capacity data using two-bit LSB method [19]. Aydoğan et al presented a LSB-based method to hide the data with minimal changes to medical images [20].…”