Cluster analysis of immunohistochemical profiles delineates CK7, vimentin, S100A1 and C‐kit (CD117) as an optimal panel in the differential diagnosis of renal oncocytoma from its mimics

Abstract

Hierarchical cluster analysis is an effective approach to analyse high-volume immunohistochemical data to generate an optimal panel in the differential diagnosis of oncocytoma from its mimics.

Renal Oncocytoma and Cromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma: Main Morphological Differences and Proposal of a Simple Histochemical and Immunohistochemical Panel to separate them

“…Among them are S100-A1, Claudins 7 and 8, Endogenous Abidin binding, PAX2, RON, LMP2, Cytochrome C Oxidase and others [10][11][12][13][14][15]. However, data suggests that a set of markers is much better that a single marker, besides a rigorous revision and meticulous analysis of the morphology even architectural and cytological parameters [16,17]. It's worth saying that the principal critics used in this work synthesized the most outstanding elements publicly diagnosed.…”

“…The CK7 is an intermediate filament classically described in the ChRCC, with a diffuse expression in cytoplasm and membrane [4,8,11,16,17] with expression levels that fluctuate among the 63% and 100% of the cases. This pattern is found in almost all cases of our series, but sometimes is observed only in a part of the neoplasm, being negative in other areas.…”

Value of PAX8, PAX2, napsin A, carbonic anhydrase IX, and claudin-4 immunostaining in distinguishing pleural epithelioid mesothelioma from metastatic renal cell carcinoma

“…72,84 Because of its frequent and somewhat restricted expression in the latter tumors, CD10 is often regarded as a renal cell carcinoma-associated marker, even though it is not specific for these tumors. CD10 is expressed in all subtypes of renal cell carcinomas, including clear cell (B80-100%), 10,72,77,78,[84][85][86] papillary (B65-100%), 41,72,77,78,[84][85][86][87] and chromophobe (B40-65%). 10,77,78,85,88 Only a few studies have been published on the expression of CD10 in mesotheliomas.…”

“…[34][35][36] The percentage of PAX2 positivity reported in various types of renal cell carcinomas has ranged from 50 to 93% for clear cell, [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] 18 to 100% for papillary, 34,35,37,38,[40][41][42] and 6 to 83% for chromophobe. [35][36][37][38]40,41 It has also been reported to be frequently expressed in metastatic clear cell carcinomas (49-85%). 28,29,36,43,44 These results are comparable with those of the present investigation in which 7 (64%) of 11 primary and 16 (73%) of 22 metastatic clear cell, 6 (60%) of 10 papillary, and 4 (33%) of 12 chromophobe renal cell carcinomas were found to be PAX2 positive.…”

“…58 Because CA IX has been reported to be frequently expressed in renal cell carcinomas, especially the clear cell type, it is, at present, considered to be a diagnostic marker for clear cell renal cell carcinomas. [59][60][61][62][63][64] The percentage of CA IX reported in various types of renal cell carcinomas has ranged from 50 to 100% for clear cell, 35,41,[62][63][64][65][66][67][68] 23 to 100% for papillary, 35,41,62,64,66 and 0 to 31% for chromophobe. 35,41,62,64,66 It has also been reported to be frequently expressed in metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinomas (100%).…”