Clusters de Pequenas e Médias Empresas e Desenvolvimento Regional

Abstract

No Brasil, as ações dirigidas ao desenvolvimento de clusters tiveram abordagem oficial como política pública em 2004, com a criação do GTP APLs (Grupo de Trabalho Permanente para APLs), coordenação pelo MDIC (Ministério do Desenvolvimento, Indústria e Comércio Exterior). Para o GTP, um APL é caracterizado a partir da concentração de um número significativo de empresas em um dado território, enfatizando-se as melhores práticas para induzir a ganhos técnicos, produtivos e de mercado, e onde a cooperação entre os agentes da governança se retroalimentam devido à proximidade local, buscando alcançar soluções a problemas comuns (GTPAPL, 2010). Em vista da relevância econômica dos clusters, este trabalho pretende analisar a implementação dos clusters de plástico e ferramentaria do Grande ABC. Por meio de uma pesquisa documental, foi possível identificar o papel relevante do poder público no cluster de ferramentaria e o volume de investimentos realizados pelo cluster de plástico na região. Palavras-chave: Cluster; arranjo produtivo local; desenvolvimento regional. In Brazil , the actions aimed at developing clusters had official approach to public policy in 2004, with the creation of GTP LPAs (Permanent Working Group for LPAs), coordinated by the MDIC (Ministry of Development, Industry and Foreign Trade). For GTP, an LPA is characterized from the concentration of a significant number of companies in a territory, emphasizing best practices to induce technical, productive and market gains, and where cooperation among agents of governance is realigned due to local proximity, seeking to achieve solutions to common problems (GTPAPL, 2010). Concerning the economic importance of clusters, this paper discusses the implementation of clusters of plastic and tooling at Grande ABC. Through documental research, was possible to identify the role of government in cluster tooling and the volume of investments made by the cluster of plastic in the region.

Política Pública de apoio ao desenvolvimento de APLs uma análise do impacto em Minas Gerais, Brasil

“…In general, corroborating Dias (2011), Jacometti, Castro, Gonçalves et al (2016), and Macedo, Araújo and Campos (2014), this study found that government investment in LPAs generates positive impacts on development when the analysis uses the Propensity Score Matching technique.…”

“…In this case, unlike that observed with the Propensity Score Matching, only in the period 2005-2013 was a positive and significant impact on GDP identified. As highlighted, it was assumed that the LPAs are environments favorable for development (LASTRES and CASSIOLATO, 2003) and that making investments enhances their capacity and promotes development (DIAS, 2011;JACOMETTI, CASTRO, GONÇALVES et al, 2016;MACEDO, ARAÚJO and CAMPOS, 2014). Despite the different techniques, the results may be used for comparison.…”

“…However, the conditions of the institutional environment did not meet the expectations regarding the firms' improvement of competitiveness and expected economic benefits due to fragile social relations, unable to provide trust among local actors or reduce isolation in small groups and individual competition. Macedo, Araújo and Campos (2014) identified the critical role of the government in the tool LPA and the volume of investments made by the plastic LPA in the region.…”

“…Works that address public policies for LPAs explore topics such as elaboration (CARDOSO, SANTOS and POLACINSKI, 2016), influence (ALBINO, LIMA, SOUZA et al, 2010;MASQUIETTO, SACOMANO NETO and GIULIANI, 2010), impact analysis (BARROSO and SOARES, 2009;GARONE, MAFFIOLI, NEGRI et al, 2014), and the relationship between public policies and development (DIAS, 2011;JACOMETTI, CASTRO, GONÇALVES et al, 2016;MACEDO, ARAÚJO and CAMPOS, 2014).…”

“…, Jacometti, Castro, Gonçalves et al (2016),and Macedo, Araújo and Campos (2014), which aimed to i) analyze the importance of territorial agglomerations, with emphasis on LPA, for the development of Brazilian regions; ii) identify how public policies explain the marked economic development of LPA; and iii) analyze the implementation of LPAs, respectively. These studies were different regarding their objectives, location, and type of LPA examined Dias (2011).…”