Co-circulation and co-infections of all dengue virus serotypes in Hyderabad, India 2014

Vaddadi, Kishore; Gandikota, Chaitanya; Jain, Parul; Prasad, V. S.; Venkataramana, Musturi

doi:10.1017/s0950268817001479

Cited by 35 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Co-infection with multiple serotypes poses risk of emergence of recombinant virus strains that could have distinct properties. Co-circulation of all the four serotypes in a single outbreak has been reported earlier with 42.9% and 45.4% cases of co-infection in Karnataka and Hyderabad respectively [ 28 , 52 ]. Significant co-infection (15% -43%) has been reported from northern [ 24 , 26 ], and eastern India[ 25 ] without detecting all the 4 serotypes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Significant co-infection (15% -43%) has been reported from northern [ 24 , 26 ], and eastern India[ 25 ] without detecting all the 4 serotypes. These regions with circulation of more than one serotype simultaneously are of high significance as they are more prone to severe dengue infection [ 28 , 52 ]. However, we did not find evidence of co-infection among the patients studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High percentage of co-infection with more than one serotype was also observed with increased disease severity [ 24 – 26 ]. In 2017, co-circulation of all four DENV serotypes in single outbreak was reported from Odisha [ 27 ] and Hyderabad [ 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Co-circulation of all the four dengue virus serotypes and detection of a novel clade of DENV-4 (genotype I) virus in Pune, India during 2016 season

et al. 2018

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Dengue is the most common mosquito-borne viral infection in tropical and sub-tropical countries. In recent years, India has reported increased incidences of concurrent infection with multiple serotypes of dengue viruses (DENV). In the present study, we have characterized DENV circulating during a single season of 2016 in Pune, India. A total of 64 serum samples from NS1 ELISA positive dengue patients were used for PCR amplification of CprM region of the viral genome and sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis documented circulation of all the four DENV serotypes with predominance of DENV-2 (40.6%). DENV genotyping classified DENV-1 to Genotype V, DENV-2 to Genotype IV, DENV-3 to Genotype III and DENV-4 to Genotype I. Further analysis revealed emergence of a novel clade (D) of genotype I of DENV-4. Subsequent isolation of three DENV-4 viruses in cell culture followed by complete genome sequence analysis confirmed this observation. Additionally, a new genotype within serotype-4 with >6.7% sequence variation from other genotypes was identified. This first report of significant co-circulation of all the four serotypes in a single outbreak in Pune reconfirms need for molecular monitoring of DENV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Co-circulation of all the four dengue virus serotypes and detection of a novel clade of DENV-4 (genotype I) virus in Pune, India during 2016 season

et al. 2018

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“…Previous findings showed that subsequent infection with a different serotype may lead to increased disease severity because antibodies against the previous serotype do not cross-neutralize the subsequent heterologous invading serotype, but induce antibody-dependent enhancement that increases replication inside target Fc receptor-bearing cells [33,34]. Co-infection with multiple DENV serotypes may increase the risk of emergence of recombinant strains that have different characteristics and the areas with a circulation of more than one serotype have been classified as more prone to severe DENV infections [31,35]. Co-circulation of dengue virus serotypes and occurrence of serotypes co-infection in Tanzania provide alert on the possibility of an increased risk of severe dengue in the country.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-circulation of Dengue Virus Serotypes 1 and 3 during the 2019 epidemic in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Mwanyika

Mboera

Rugarabamu

et al. 2019

Preprint

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22 23 *gaspary.mwanyika@sacids.org 24 25 26 27 PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 2 28 Abstract 29 Background 30 Dengue is an important mosquito-borne viral disease in tropical and sub-tropical 31 countries. In this study molecular characterization was carried out to determine 32 dengue viruses circulating among patients at health facilities during 2019 epidemic in 33 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. 34 Methods 35 The study involved outpatients seeking care for febrile illness at four health facilities 36 in Kinondoni and Ilala Districts of Dar es Salaam City in Tanzania. A total of 45 sera 37 from the outpatients were confirmed dengue-positive for dengue virus (DENV) non-38 structural protein 1 (NS1) antigen and/or NS1-IgG/IgM antibodies using on-site rapid 39 test. The presence of the virus was detected by reverse-transcription polymerase 40 chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. Of the 45 sera, 20 samples were selected 41 randomly for identification of specific dengue virus serotypes using RT-PCR followed 42 by evaluation of resulting amplicons on agarose gel electrophoresis. 43 Findings and significance 44 Both Dengue virus serotypes 1 (DENV-1) and 3 (DENV-3) were detected in the 45 samples tested with the former being dominant. We present the first evidence of 46 dengue virus co-infection of DENV-1 and DENV-3 serotypes in Tanzania. The 47 emergence of DENV-1 indicates the possibility of importation of the virus to Tanzania 48 from endemic countries. Due to DENV serotype co-circulation, there is an increased 49 risk of severe dengue in future epidemics. Our findings advocate the importance of 50 genomic-based surveillance to provide rapid evidence of dengue virus 51 emergence/re-emergence and spread. 52 Author Summary 54 Dengue viruses are the most important mosquito-borne pathogens that pose a 55 serious global health threat. Tanzania has reported several dengue virus epidemics 56 since 2010 with the majority of the epidemics occurring in Dar-es-Salaam city. Until 57 August 2019, a total of 6,859 dengue cases have been confirmed in the country. We 58 performed molecular characterization of dengue viruses (DENV) circulating during 59 the 2019 epidemic phase. It was found that DENV-1 serotype was dominant during 60 the epidemic and two samples of the tested sera were co-infected by DENV-1 and 61

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“…It is widely accepted that a subsequent infection with a second serotype can 309 produce more severe symptoms (15). This situation becomes challenging when multiple 310 serotypes co-circulate (16). Mosquitoes co-infected with different DENV serotypes are 311 occasionally detected (17).…”

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confidence: 99%

A new high-throughput tool to screen mosquito-borne viruses in Zika virus endemic/epidemic areas

Moutailler

Yousfi

Mousson

et al. 2019

Preprint

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44Mosquitoes are vectors of arboviruses affecting animal and human health. Arboviruses circulate 45 primarily within an enzootic cycle and recurrent spillovers contribute to the emergence of 46 human-adapted viruses able to initiate an urban cycle involving anthropophilic mosquitoes. The 47 increasing volume of travel and trade offers multiple opportunities for arbovirus introduction 48 in new regions. This scenario has been exemplified recently with the Zika pandemic. To 49 incriminate a mosquito as vector of a pathogen, several criteria are required such as the 50 detection of natural infections in mosquitoes. In this study, we used a high-throughput chip 51 based on the BioMark TM Dynamic arrays system capable of detecting 64 arboviruses in a single 52 experiment. A total of 17,958 mosquitoes collected in Zika-endemic/epidemic countries 53 (Brazil, French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Suriname, Senegal, and Cambodia) were analyzed. Here 54 we show that this new tool can detect endemic and epidemic viruses in different mosquito 55 species in an epidemic context. Thus, this fast and low-cost method can be suggested as a novel 56 epidemiological surveillance tool to identify circulating arboviruses. 57 58 Other arboviruses such as West Nile virus (WNV; Flavivirus, Flaviviridae) remain circulating 84within an enzootic cycle with sporadic spillovers causing human cases. 85Many regions experience simultaneous circulation of different arboviruses (6, 7), and co-86 infections in vectors were reported (8). These coinfections can present an opportunity for 87 viruses to exchange genetic material. Impacts of such genetic events on virulence for vertebrate 88 hosts are still unknown (9). Thus, being able to detect a wide range of arboviruses in thousands 89 of field-collected mosquitoes in a single experiment can be a valuable tool to predict arboviral 90 emergences in human populations. Indeed similar methods were developed with success to 91 screen tick-borne pathogens (bacteria, parasites and viruses) and allowed the detection of 92 expected and unexpected pathogens in large scale epidemiological studies (10, 11). Therefore, 93 we developed a high throughput system based on real-time microfluidic PCR which is able to 94 detect 96 mosquito-borne viruses in 96 samples within one single run. With this method, we 95 have screened: (1) mosquitoes infected artificially using a feeding system to validate our tool, 96(2) mosquitoes collected in countries endemic for the major human arboviruses (e.g., Senegal, 97 Cambodia, Brazil), and (3) mosquitoes collected during the Zika and Yellow fever outbreaks 98 in the Americas (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Brazil, Suriname). This method allowed 99 detecting epidemic viruses (ZIKV, CHIKV, YFV) but also unexpected viruses (e.g. Trivittatus 100 virus, TVTV, Orthobunyavirus, Bunyaviridae) underlining the need of such a tool for early 101 detection of emerging mosquito-borne viruses.102 103 104 2. Materials and methods 105 106 2.1. Mosquitoes 107 6To test the ability of our assays to detect vir...

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Co-circulation and co-infections of all dengue virus serotypes in Hyderabad, India 2014

Cited by 35 publications

References 33 publications

Co-circulation of all the four dengue virus serotypes and detection of a novel clade of DENV-4 (genotype I) virus in Pune, India during 2016 season

Co-circulation of all the four dengue virus serotypes and detection of a novel clade of DENV-4 (genotype I) virus in Pune, India during 2016 season

Co-circulation of Dengue Virus Serotypes 1 and 3 during the 2019 epidemic in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

A new high-throughput tool to screen mosquito-borne viruses in Zika virus endemic/epidemic areas

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