Co-Circulation and Persistence of Genetically Distinct Saffold Viruses, Denmark

Nielsen, Alex Christian Yde; Gyhrs, Mette Louise; Holmes, Edward C.; Cui, Jie

doi:10.3201/eid1810.120793

Cited by 6 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…SAFV strains are circulating worldwide as seroprevalence was very high in America (Chiu et al, 2010), Europe, Africa and Asia (Zoll et al, 2009). Up to now, 11 different genotypes have been identified, with SAFV-1, SAFV-2 and SAFV-3 being the most prevalent (Drexler et al, 2008;Khamrin et al, 2013;Nielsen et al, 2012b;Tapia et al, 2015). The virus was detected in the stools and respiratory samples of both symptomatic (gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms) and asymptomatic patients.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurotropism of Saffold virus in a mouse model

Sorgeloos

Lardinois

Jacobs

et al. 2016

Journal of General Virology

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurotropism of Saffold virus in a mouse model

Sorgeloos

Lardinois

Jacobs

et al. 2016

Journal of General Virology

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“…First, although co-detection with other viruses existed, SAFVs were the only pathogens identified in 34 (29.6%) SAFV-positive specimens in this study. The co-detection of SAFV with other viruses ranged from 0% to 100% in previous studies, and the variation in results is probably due to different diagnostic assays applied910111213141516171819. In the present study, 15 common respiratory viruses in ARTI patients, 9 common viruses in diarrhea patients, and all EVs in HFMD patients were detected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 41%

“…Several studies have detected the SAFV RNA in stool samples from children with gastroenteritis in Brazil, Germany, Thailand, Denmark, USA, Malaysia, and China as well as in the respiratory samples from children with influenza-like illnesses in Canada, Japan, and China910111213141516171819. SAFV has also been found in stools from South Asian children who either had non-polio acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) or were asymptomatic20.…”

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confidence: 99%

Prevalence and genetic characteristics of Saffold cardiovirus in China from 2009 to 2012

Zhang

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

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The epidemiology and clinical features of the Saffold cardiovirus (SAFV) remain ambiguous. The present study was designed to systematically and intensively investigate the epidemiological features of SAFV in pediatric patients in China. Three cohorts of pediatric patients were recruited from 2009 to 2012. Cohort 1 comprised patients with acute respiratory tract infections. Cohort 2 comprised patients with diarrhea. Cohort 3 comprised hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) patients. A total of 115 patients (1.6%) among 6052 (17/1647, 12/2013, and 86/2392 in cohorts 1, 2, and 3, respectively) were SAFV-positive. The samples from 82 SAFV-positive patients were successfully sequenced, and four genotypes were identified: 8 SAFV-1, 41 SAFV-2, 29 SAFV-3, and 4 SAFV-6. A significantly higher detection rate was found in the HFMD patients than in other two cohorts (both P <0.001). A higher frequency of severe clinical outcome and nervous system manifestation were also observed in the SAFV-positive HFMD patients. Additionally, 6 (3.5%) cerebrospinal fluid and 7 (2.2%) serum samples from the HFMD-associated encephalitis patients were SAFV-positive. Based on the VP1 sequences, all four genotypes displayed distinct geographical clustering. SAFV infection might be associated with a wide clinical spectrum and contribute to HFMD.

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“…Studies have looked at cohort of patients suffering from acute gastroenteritis and have identified SAFV as a potential source in 0.2% to 3% of symptomatic patients from their stool samples . Nielsen et al also demonstrated a similar SAFV positive rate (3%) in a surveillance study, which included asymptomatic patients. However, the data included most patients co‐enrolled into a randomized control trial investigating infection rates and the use of probiotics and included multiple samples from patients at different times.…”

Section: Safv Epidemiology and Human Pathogenicitymentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The SAFV has been detected in patients globally (see Table for summary). Although infection rates appear low (<10%) in symptomatic patients via polymerase chain reaction methods, neutralizing antibodies from respiratory tract samples have been found at a high percentage of asymptomatic populations (55‐100%) .…”

Section: Safv Epidemiology and Human Pathogenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Saffold virus, an emerging human cardiovirus

Tan

Prabakaran

2016

Rev. Med. Virol.

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Saffold virus (SAFV) is an emerging human cardiovirus that has been shown to be ubiquitous. Initial studies of SAFV focused on respiratory and gastrointestinal infection; however, it has also recently been associated with diverse clinical symptoms including the endocrine, cardiovascular, and neurological systems. Given the systemic nature of SAFV, and its high prevalence, understanding its pathogenicity and clinical impact is of utmost importance. This comprehensive review highlights and discusses recent developments in epidemiology, human pathogenicity, animal, and molecular studies related to SAFV. It also provides detailed insights into the neuropathogenicity of SAFV. We argue that human studies have been confounded by coinfections and therefore require support from robust molecular and animal research. Thereby, we aim to provide foresight into further research to better understand this emerging virus.

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Co-Circulation and Persistence of Genetically Distinct Saffold Viruses, Denmark

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Neurotropism of Saffold virus in a mouse model

Neurotropism of Saffold virus in a mouse model

Prevalence and genetic characteristics of Saffold cardiovirus in China from 2009 to 2012

Saffold virus, an emerging human cardiovirus

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