Co-combustion of coal and meat and bone meal

Gulyurtlu, I.; Boavida, D.; Abelha, P.; Lopes, Helena; Cabrita, I.

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2005.04.024

Cited by 71 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The bed temperature was maintained below 750 º C to minimize bed agglomeration problems associated with the presence of low melting point ash compounds, containing Na or K silicates. The freeboard temperature was imposed by the electric furnace to obtain a similar temperature profile as expected when operating the INETI' s pilot installation burning similar biomass materials (Gulyurtlu et al, 2007 andGulyurtlu et al, 2005) (see Fig. 2).…”

Section: Experimental Installationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluidised Bed Combustion of Two Species of Energy Crops

Abelha

Franco

Lopes

et al. 2009

Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:The use of biomass fuels for energy production through combustion has a growing application worldwide mainly for two reasons: first, the utilization of biomass for energy contributes to mitigate emission of green house gases; second, its use decreases the dependence of imported fossil fuels in Europe. The objective of this work was to study the combustion behaviour of two endogenous biomass species: cardoon (cynara cardunculus) and arundo (arundo donax), which were specially produced in energy crops plantations. Mixtures of cardoon and a forestry biomass specie (eucalyptus) were also studied to evaluate potential benefits from synergies between both biomass fuel types. The results showed that the utilization of cardoon, in pelletized form, and loose arundo as feedstock, did not give rise to any operational problems related with the feeding system. It was verified that the mono combustion of cardoon could pose problems at industrial scale in fluidised bed systems, considering the high levels of HCl and NO X emissions obtained and tendency to sinter the bed sand material. The addition of the forestry biomass to cardoon appeared to prevent the bed agglomeration problem. Furthermore, both the NO X and SO 2 emissions were found to decrease at the same time suggesting potential synergy of blending different types of biomass regarding pollutant emissions and in bed agglomeration problems.

show abstract

Section: Experimental Installationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluidised Bed Combustion of Two Species of Energy Crops

Abelha

Franco

Lopes

et al. 2009

Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As the nitrogen content in the MBM is about 7-8 times higher than that in coal, it could be expected that NO x emissions would increase with an increase of MBM in co-combustion. However, the fuel-N conversion to both NO x and N 2 O was observed to decrease with increasing MBM content in coal-MBM blend (Gulyurtlu et al, 2005). A 20 percent (wt.)…”

Section: Meat and Bone Mealmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Tallow is extracted during the cooking process, and the remaining material is then dried and crushed. Feeding MBM to cattle, sheep or other animals was banned within the EU in 1994 and disposal to landfill is not an option since this does not destroy any potential bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) pathogens (Gulyurtlu et al, 2005). This change in legislation increased the interest in using MBM as fuel to ensure that any living organism is thermally destroyed totally and its energy potential is utilised.…”

Section: Meat and Bone Mealmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, on the basis of calorific value, the sulphur content of MBM could be about same as coal. MBM has calorific value (HHV) of approximately 14 -17 (MJ/kg), this is about half that of coal (Deydier et al, 2005;Gulyurtlu et al, 2005). The high content of calcium in MBM could be an advantage as it could act to retain most of SO 2 formed during MBM combustion.…”

Section: Meat and Bone Mealmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As MBM ash mainly arises from bone combustion, it contains a high amount of phosphate (56.3 percent) and calcium (30.7 percent), the two major constituents of bone. It also has significant levels of sodium (2.7 percent), potassium (2.5 percent) and magnesium (0.8 percent) (Deydier et al, 2005;Gulyurtlu et al, 2005). Whereas the high content of calcium in MBM is an advantage in cement, high levels of phosphate, sodium, potassium and magnesium can have harmful effects on the production process and/ or cement quality.…”

Section: Meat and Bone Mealmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations