Co-existence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium intracellulare in One Sputum Sample

Takeda, Masahide; Ito, Wataru; Kobayashi, Noriko; Konno, K; Takahashi, Tomoe; Tatsuko, Rumi; Tomita, Noriko; Tanigai, Tomomi; Chiba, Takahito; Yamaguchi, K.; Sato, Kazuhiro; Ueki, Shigeharu; Kayaba, Hiroyuki; Chihara, Junichi

doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.47.0511

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Co-existence of members of the M. tuberculosis complex and MOTT, such as M. intracellulare , had already been reported in human patients [50]. As previously discussed, the fact that we found several M. bovis - MOTT co-infections suggests that infection by one organism does not impede infection by the other in these wildlife host species.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Fine-tuning the space, time, and host distribution of mycobacteria in wildlife

et al. 2011

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BackgroundWe describe the diversity of two kinds of mycobacteria isolates, environmental mycobacteria and Mycobacterium bovis collected from wild boar, fallow deer, red deer and cattle in Doñana National Park (DNP, Spain), analyzing their association with temporal, spatial and environmental factors.ResultsHigh diversity of environmental mycobacteria species and M. bovis typing patterns (TPs) were found. When assessing the factors underlying the presence of the most common types of both environmental mycobacteria and M. bovis TPs in DNP, we evidenced (i) host species differences in the occurrence, (ii) spatial structuration and (iii) differences in the degree of spatial association of specific types between host species. Co-infection of a single host by two M. bovis TPs occurred in all three wild ungulate species. In wild boar and red deer, isolation of one group of mycobacteria occurred more frequently in individuals not infected by the other group. While only three TPs were detected in wildlife between 1998 and 2003, up to 8 different ones were found during 2006-2007. The opposite was observed in cattle. Belonging to an M. bovis-infected social group was a significant risk factor for mycobacterial infection in red deer and wild boar, but not for fallow deer. M. bovis TPs were usually found closer to water marshland than MOTT.ConclusionsThe diversity of mycobacteria described herein is indicative of multiple introduction events and a complex multi-host and multi-pathogen epidemiology in DNP. Significant changes in the mycobacterial isolate community may have taken place, even in a short time period (1998 to 2007). Aspects of host social organization should be taken into account in wildlife epidemiology. Wildlife in DNP is frequently exposed to different species of non-tuberculous, environmental mycobacteria, which could interact with the immune response to pathogenic mycobacteria, although the effects are unknown. This research highlights the suitability of molecular typing for surveys at small spatial and temporal scales.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Fine-tuning the space, time, and host distribution of mycobacteria in wildlife

et al. 2011

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“…Some authors advocate repeating a positive MAC PCR before embarking on treatment [3]. Rarely, MAC can cause severe hydropneumothorax from a ruptured lung cavity or broncho-pleural fistula as in this case.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Rare Cavitary MAC Lung Disease Causing a Serious Broncho-Pleural Air Leak in an Immune Competent Patient

Waness

2013

J Med Cases

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Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (MAC) is a nontuberculous mycobacterium that can cause a variety of pathologies in both immune-competent and immune-deficient individuals. In this paper, I present a rare and unique case of severe MAC cavitary pulmonary disease complicated by a serious broncho-pleural air leak and persistent hydropneumothorax in a patient with normal immunity. His successful recovery took a lengthy antibiotic course and a segmental lung resection with pleural decortication. A brief discussion about MAC lung disease follows this presentation.

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“…Another interesting point about the patient was lack of considerable weight loss (53–55 kg) during this period. There are some reports that show XDR-TB cases have died or had serious problems [6–8] . In spite of not using mask protection by the patient, other family members were not infected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another possibility in this case is the presence of a new species with characteristics similar to both XDR-TB and NTM. The frequency and clinical significance of NTM isolated from patients during treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis has not been adequately studied ( [6,8–10] ). More research still needs to be done for more clarifications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-infection of long-standing extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (XDR-TB) and non-tuberculosis mycobacteria: A case report

Izadi

Derakhshan

Samiei

et al. 2015

Respiratory Medicine Case Reports

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We report a 69-years-old Iranian HIV negative male patient, with long-standing pulmonary tuberculosis (eleven years) co-infected with non-tuberculosis mycobacteria. Despite of initiation of first line anti-tuberculosis therapy after diagnosis the patient poorly respond because of low compliance with anti-TB treatment. After several incomplete treatments the smear was still positive and thus drug susceptibility tests were performed on isolated organism which revealed that the organisms was resistant not only against isoniazid and rifampin but also against Ofloxacin (OFX), Capreomycin (CAP), p-aminosalicylic acid (PAS), ethionamide (ETH), Kanamycin (KAN), ciprofloxacin (Cip), amikacin (AMK) and cycloserine (CYC). Persistence and resistance of infection had led us to do more investigation using molecular methods, which revealed co-infection with Non-tuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM). The patient is still alive with cough and shortness of breath.

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Co-existence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium intracellulare in One Sputum Sample

Abstract: An 81-year-old

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Fine-tuning the space, time, and host distribution of mycobacteria in wildlife

Fine-tuning the space, time, and host distribution of mycobacteria in wildlife

Rare Cavitary MAC Lung Disease Causing a Serious Broncho-Pleural Air Leak in an Immune Competent Patient

Co-infection of long-standing extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (XDR-TB) and non-tuberculosis mycobacteria: A case report

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