Co-expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 predicts poor outcome in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Zhang, Jianwei; Fang, Wenfeng; Qin, Tao; Yang, Yunpeng; Hong, Shaodong; Liang, Wenhua; Ma, Yuxiang; Zhao, Hongyun; Huang, Yan; Xue, Cong; Huang, Pei‐Yu; Hu, Zhihuang; Zhao, Yuanyuan; Zhang, Li

doi:10.1007/s12032-015-0501-6

Cited by 111 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Our results suggested that NPC patients with a high level of PD-L1 had a significantly reduced survival outcome (Fig. 5b), which is consist with the results from 132 NPC patients16. However, another publication noted that there was a longer survival rate in non-metastatic NPC patients with a high PD-L1 level15, which might be explained by heterogeneous applications of different experimental procedures, scoring criteria, patient samples and survival endpoints.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…PD-L1 has been reported to be overexpressed in most tumours including NPC1633 to inhibit T cell-mediated antitumour immunity via PD-1 on TILs34. Recent studies have also revealed that PD-L1 was associated with poor prognosis in most epithelial-originated cancers35, suggesting an effect of PD-L1 in the induction of tumour progression by interrupting anti-tumour immunity36.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, until recently, only a few studies on the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in NPC are available, and the reported prognostic role of PD-L1 in NPC patients remains inconsistent. For instance, Zhang et al 16. revealed that PD-L1 protein abundance was correlated with a worse outcome.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, Hsu et al 18. showed that PD-1 on CD8 T cells predicted a poor prognosis in a small size of NPC patients, whereas PD-1 expression might not be a prognostic factor in NPC patients when using a larger sample16. Therefore, the prognostic role of PD-1 and PD-L1 in NPC needs to be clarified.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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PD-L1 predicts poor prognosis for nasopharyngeal carcinoma irrespective of PD-1 and EBV-DNA load

Zhou

Shi

Miao

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Programmed death-1 (PD-1) is an immunosuppressive receptor functionally bound with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), which has been reported in various malignancies. However, only a few studies are available for the clinical significance of PD-1/PD-L1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). In this study, we aim to investigate alterations in PD-1/PD-L1 by using immunohistochemistry analysis in a cohort of consecutively enrolled NPC patients (n = 99). To further analyse the correlation between PD-1/PD-L1 and factors involved in clinico-pathology, haematologic biomarkers, EBV-DNA load and outcomes, we collected clinical data for statistical analysis. We observed that lower haemoglobin (HB) and Body Mass Index (BMI) levels were associated with high levels of PD-L1 staining in NPC patients. Importantly, our results suggested that PD-L1 might be a negative indicator for NPC patients. In contrast, a correlation between the PD-1/PD-L1 level and EBV load was not identified. Moreover, PD-1 positivity was suggested to not be significantly correlated with clinical outcomes. Taken together, our results revealed that PD-L1 might be a potential prognostic biomarker for NPC patients. However, further studies are needed to clarify the underlying mechanism of EBV status in the immunosuppression process induced by the PD-1/PD-L1 axis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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PD-L1 predicts poor prognosis for nasopharyngeal carcinoma irrespective of PD-1 and EBV-DNA load

Zhou

Shi

Miao

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…To date, a large number of studies have demonstrated a correlation between tumor aggressiveness and PD-L1 protein expression [17,29,[32][33][34][35] . However, the role of PD-L1 in humans is still controversial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein Expression of Programmed Death 1 Ligand 1 and HER2 in Gastric Carcinoma

Oki¹,

Okano²,

Saeki³

et al. 2017

Oncology

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Objectives: Programmed death 1 (PD-1) is an immunoinhibitory receptor and has been identified as a new target for immunotherapy in cancer. Here we report the expression of PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) in surgically resected gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: We examined formalin-fixed tumor samples from 144 gastric cancer patients with a primary diagnosis of gastric carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect PD-L1. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) loss of heterozygosity were investigated in these patients. RNA interference was used to downregulate HER2 expression, and PD-L1 protein expression was assessed by flow cytometry using the gastric cancer cell line MKN45. Results: Overexpression of PD-L1 was significantly correlated with tumor invasion (p = 0.011) and associated with poor survival. The number of PD-L1-positive cases increased according to the HER2 score in clinical samples. siRNA-mediated downregulation of HER2 significantly decreased PD-L1 protein expression in MKN45 cells. Conclusions: PD-L1 expression was associated with poor survival of gastric cancer, and HER2 signaling affects the expression of PD-L1 in gastric cancer. In gastric cancer, PTEN and HER2 are potential candidate biomarkers for developing human antibodies that block PD-L1.

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The double life of a chemotherapy drug: Immunomodulatory functions of gemcitabine in cancer

Larson,

Doty,

Solheim

2024

Cancer Medicine

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Although the development of immunotherapies has been revolutionary in the treatment of several cancers, many cancer types remain unresponsive to immune‐based treatment and are largely managed by chemotherapy drugs. However, chemotherapeutics are not infallible and are frequently rendered ineffective as resistance develops from prolonged exposure. Recent investigations have indicated that some chemotherapy drugs have additional functions beyond their normative cytotoxic capacity and are in fact immune‐modifying agents. Of the pharmaceuticals with identified immune‐editing properties, gemcitabine is well‐studied and of interest to clinicians and scientists alike. Gemcitabine is a chemotherapy drug approved for the treatment of multiple cancers, including breast, lung, pancreatic, and ovarian. Because of its broad applications, relatively low toxicity profile, and history as a favorable combinatory partner, there is promise in the recharacterization of gemcitabine in the context of the immune system. Such efforts may allow the identification of suitable immunotherapeutic combinations, wherein gemcitabine can be used as a priming agent to improve immunotherapy efficacy in traditionally insensitive cancers. This review looks to highlight documented immunomodulatory abilities of one of the most well‐known chemotherapy agents, gemcitabine, relating to its influence on cells and proteins of the immune system.

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Co-expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 predicts poor outcome in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Cited by 111 publications

References 36 publications

PD-L1 predicts poor prognosis for nasopharyngeal carcinoma irrespective of PD-1 and EBV-DNA load

PD-L1 predicts poor prognosis for nasopharyngeal carcinoma irrespective of PD-1 and EBV-DNA load

Protein Expression of Programmed Death 1 Ligand 1 and HER2 in Gastric Carcinoma

The double life of a chemotherapy drug: Immunomodulatory functions of gemcitabine in cancer

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