With multiple metal binding sites, nucleobases, nucleosides, and nucleotides form various coordination polymers (CPs) with metal ions. These self-assembled materials are very interesting for their simplicity to prepare, highly tunable structure and properties, and excellent biocompatibility.P olymerization is achieved under ambient conditions without the need of free radical initiators or UV light. Different nucleobases have different metal-binding preferences, but in general most of their coordinations ites prefer borderline or soft metals, while the phosphate groups in the nucleotides prefer hard Lewis acids. In this Focus Review,r ecent developments in this fielda re summarized startingf rom the synthesis and characterization of these CPs. Various metal ions includingg old, silver,l anthanides, zinc, copper, and iron are individually reviewed, and each metal brings its own property into the CP materials.While mostoft hese materials are non-crystalline nanoparticles, under certainc onditions crystalline metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) andh ydrogels can also be prepared. The applicationso fs uch CPs are then described including enzyme entrapment,d rug loading and delivery, biosensor development, catalysis, coating of nanoparticles, and luminescence. Finally,f uture research opportunities of this field are discussed.