Co-infection of schistosomiasis, malaria, HBV and HIV among adults living in Eggua Community, Ogun State, Nigeria

Abstract

<jats:p>Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by the blood fluke that continues to plague many developing countries in the tropics. The goal of this study was to determine the occurrence of schistosomiasis, malaria, HBV and HIV co-infection among adults in some villages of Eggua Community, Nigeria (Tata, Imoto, Orile and Ebute Igbooro). In cross-sectional surveys, 240 participants were recruited from Orile and Ebute Igbooro and 207 from Tata and Imoto. Urine samples were collected and tested for urinary schistosomiasis by conventional microscopy; blood samples were tested for HBV, HIV and malaria using standard RDTs and microscopy respectively. Prevalence and co-infection of the diseases was analyzed by chi-squared (x2) test. The prevalence of schistosomiasis and malaria was 21.3% and 11.1% in Tata and Imoto respectively; and 14.5% and 19.1% in Orile and Ebute Igbooro, respectively. The overall prevalence of co-infection of urinary schistosomiasis with malaria was 2.5% and 0.4% each with HIV and HBV in the study areas. Schistosoma haematobium and Plasmodium falciparum are prevalent in the study-area, and an integrated control approach directed against the two parasites should be carried out.&#x0D; Keywords: Schistosomiasis; malaria; co-infection; HBV and HIV. </jats:p>

Fresh Water Snails of Public Health Importance in Canals in Okigwe Imo State Nigeria: Their Infectivity and Implications for Control

“…However, studies have observed that the complex schistosome life cycle and the intricate interactions that are encountered with the host immune system make it difficult for neither drugs nor vaccines to adequately control schistosomiasis without first identifying the parasite load. Studies have shown that in Nigeria, the main disease control measures are the provision of potable water, population-based chemotherapy and health education, but that most of these control measures are affected by lack of baseline data on the distribution of the host and its infectivity [35][36][37][38][39]. This study therefore, examined the distribution of snail species and their infectivity rates along freshwater canals in the rural poor areas of Imo State Nigeria.…”

Fresh Water Snails (Bulinus and Lymnaea) in Canals in Imo State, Nigeria: Their Public Health Importance and Implications for Control

“…Realizing that availability of such information is crucial in identifying and implementing effective control measures to prevent infection [33][34][35], this study intends to identify feasible strategies that will protect residents in the study area from infections from Bulinus and Lymnaea snails. However, studies have shown that the complex schistosome life cycle and the intricate interactions that are encountered with the host immune system make it difficult for neither drugs nor vaccines to adequately control schistosomiasis [35][36][37][38].…”