Co-infections among patients with COVID-19: The need for combination therapy with non-anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents?

Lai, Chih Cheng; Wang, Cheng Yi; Hsueh, Po-Ren

doi:10.1016/j.jmii.2020.05.013

Cited by 417 publications

(455 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The diffuse alveolar lung damage and dysregulated immune response in severe COVID-19 pneumonia makes these patients vulnerable to secondary infections [ 6 , 7 ]. Viral, bacterial, and fungal co-infections have been reported in COVID-19 patients, and the early diagnosis of these co-infections is important in order to allow for the institution of appropriate antimicrobial therapy [ 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Associated Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges

Mohamed

Rogers

Talento

2020

JoF

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Aspergillus co-infection in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia, leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome, has recently been reported. To date, 38 cases have been reported, with other cases most likely undiagnosed mainly due to a lack of clinical awareness and diagnostic screening. Importantly, there is currently no agreed case definition of COVID-19 associated invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) that could aid in the early detection of this co-infection. Additionally, with the global emergence of triazole resistance, we emphasize the importance of antifungal susceptibility testing in order to ensure appropriate antifungal therapy. Herein is a review of 38 published CAPA cases, which highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges posed by this novel fungal co-infection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Associated Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges

Mohamed

Rogers

Talento

2020

JoF

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“…All patients were discharged after a median length of hospitalization of 28 days (IQR 13-34). In the present report we described for the rst time in Europe [2,16] that patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection might be co-infected, among agents of atypical pneumonia, not only with M. pneumoniae but also with C. pneumoniae. These microorganisms can affect adults and children, are usually mild and only occasionally could represent life-threatening conditions.…”

Section: Cases Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…In all the cases, viruses were the most representative agents [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]; on the other hand, scarce was the co-infection rate with Mycoplasma pneumoniae [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] and, interestingly, only 2 cases out of 1996 with Chlamydia pneumoniae has been described so far [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The possible co-existence of pathogens other than SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19 infection focuses the attention on the real incidence of SARS-CoV-2 and other bacterial/viral or even fungal co-infections, which should be investigated in order to nd whether co-infections might play a role in disease severity and/or mortality [2]. In our case series, only 1 patient needed ICU admission, no patients died and the median duration of hospitalization was 28 days.…”

Section: Cases Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far, there is limited knowledge on the rate of co-infections with other respiratory pathogens [2]. While early reports from China and Spain described co-infection as a rare event (6/104, 5.7% and 3/103, 2.9% respectively) [3,4], Kim et al reported the presence of one or more additional pathogen in 24 of 116 patients (20.6%) diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection [5] whereas another study from China showed that up to 80% of SARS-CoV-2 infected subjects had IgM positivity against at least one respiratory agent, therefore highlighting how the detection of other respiratory pathogens cannot be used to rule out COVID-19 diagnosis [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 with Chlamydia or Mycoplasma pneumoniae: a case series and review of the literature

Oliva

Siccardi

Migliarini

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has spread all over the world causing a global pandemic and representing a great medical challenge. Nowadays, there is limited knowledge on the rate of co-infections with other respiratory pathogens, with viral co-infection being the most representative agents. Co-infection with Mycoplasma pneumoniae has been described both in adults and pediatrics whereas only 2 cases of Chlamydia pneumoniae have been reported in a large US study so far. In the present report, we describe a series of 7 patients where co-infection with C. pneumoniae (n=5) or M. pneumoniae (n=2) and SARS-CoV-2 was detected in a large teaching hospital in Rome. An extensive review of the updated literature regarding the co-infection between SARS-CoV-2 and these atypical pathogens is also performed.

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Outer Membrane Vesicle‐Coated Nanoparticle Vaccine Protects against Acinetobacter baumannii Pneumonia and Sepsis

Bjånes

Zhou

Qayum

et al. 2022

Advanced NanoBiomed Research

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The highly multidrug‐resistant (MDR) Gram‐negative bacterial pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii is a top global health priority where an effective vaccine can protect susceptible populations and limit resistance acquisition. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) shed from Gram‐negative bacteria are enriched with virulence factors and membrane lipids but heterogeneous in size and cargo. Herein, a vaccine platform combining precise and replicable nanoparticle technology with immunogenic A. baumannii OMVs (Ab‐OMVs) is reported. Gold nanoparticle cores coated with Ab‐OMVs (Ab‐NPs) induce robust IgG titers in rabbits that enhance human neutrophil opsonophagocytic killing and passively protect against lethal A. baumannii sepsis in mice. Active Ab‐NP immunization in mice protects against sepsis and pneumonia, accompanied by B cell recruitment to draining lymph nodes, activation of dendritic cell markers, improved splenic neutrophil responses, and mitigation of proinflammatory cytokine storm. Nanoparticles are an efficient and efficacious platform for OMV vaccine delivery against A. baumannii and perhaps other high‐priority MDR pathogens.

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Co-infections among patients with COVID-19: The need for combination therapy with non-anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents?

Cited by 417 publications

References 45 publications

COVID-19 Associated Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges

COVID-19 Associated Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges

Co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 with Chlamydia or Mycoplasma pneumoniae: a case series and review of the literature

Outer Membrane Vesicle‐Coated Nanoparticle Vaccine Protects against Acinetobacter baumannii Pneumonia and Sepsis

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