Co-Registration of Optically Sensed Images and Correlation (COSI-Corr): an operational methodology for ground deformation measurements

Abstract

Abstract-Recent methodological progress, Co-Registration of Optically Sensed Images and Correlation, outlined here, makes it possible to measure horizontal ground deformation from optical images on an operational basis, using the COSI-Corr software package. In particular, its sub-pixel capabilities allow for accurate mapping of surface ruptures and measurement of co-seismic offsets. We retrieved the fault rupture of the 2005 Mw 7.6 Kashmir earthquake from ASTER images, and we also present a dense mapping of the 1992 Mw 7.3 Landers earthquake of California, from the mosaicking of 30 pairs of aerial images.

Co-registration and bias corrections of satellite elevation data sets for quantifying glacier thickness change

“…5d) reveal linear cross track features that run along track of the flight path of the ASTER scene. These features are similar to those discovered by Leprince et al (2007), which they relate to jitter of the instrument and under-sampling of the sensor attitude information in the along-track direction (specifically, the pitch). The geometric correction of the ASTER pixels relies on a lattice of 12 by 11 points along/cross track, respectively, where precise satellite attitude measurements are acquired.…”

“…Longer frequency along track biases contain amplitudes as large as ±10 m which we adjust using 6-8th-order polynomials. A higher frequency bias is detected with ≈10-12 cycles per scene which may be related to the under-sampled pitch of the backward looking sensor, similar to those found with the nadir looking camera (Leprince et al, 2007). The amplitude of this bias is 1-2 m, which we regard as under the significant limitation of our statistical adjustments.…”

“…A lower frequency pattern is the most significant with 2-3 cycles within an ASTER scene and an amplitude of up to 5 m. The cause for this lower frequency bias is unclear to us at the present time. Leprince et al (2007) who also found jitter did not observe the lower frequency bias. In contrast to our data (i.e.…”

“…In relationship to pushbroom sensors (e.g. ASTER and SPOT5 HRS), it has been shown that variation in the satellite's attitude induces biases within the raw images acquired as well as final DEMs produced (Leprince et al, 2007;Berthier et al, 2007).…”

“…Few studies demonstrate that such along/cross track error exists. Leprince et al (2007) showed that an along track pattern with a frequency of 11-12 cycles per scene existed within the geo-location of pixels of an ASTER scene, corresponding to the 11-12 tie points where the Terra satellite acquires specific attitude information (ERSDAC, 2007). They relate this bias specifically to the under-sampling of the pitch information.…”