2015
DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201403045
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Co‐solvent Pretreatment Reduces Costly Enzyme Requirements for High Sugar and Ethanol Yields from Lignocellulosic Biomass

Abstract: We introduce a new pretreatment called co-solvent-enhanced lignocellulosic fractionation (CELF) to reduce enzyme costs dramatically for high sugar yields from hemicellulose and cellulose, which is essential for the low-cost conversion of biomass to fuels. CELF employs THF miscible with aqueous dilute acid to obtain up to 95 % theoretical yield of glucose, xylose, and arabinose from corn stover even if coupled with enzymatic hydrolysis at only 2 mgenzyme  gglucan (-1) . The unusually high saccharification with … Show more

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Cited by 174 publications
(148 citation statements)
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“…GVL demonstrated improved xylan and lignin removal than, in order, THF, ethanol, dilute acid in water and dilute alkali in water. Unlike results with higher temperature pretreatments (150-180°C), 3,4,28,35 dilute acid, dilute alkali and ethanol used at 120°C showed poor abilities in removing xylan and especially lignin. Although THF showed good performance in the removal of lignin and xylan at a temperature of 150°C, 16 it did not perform as well at 120°C.…”
contrasting
confidence: 67%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…GVL demonstrated improved xylan and lignin removal than, in order, THF, ethanol, dilute acid in water and dilute alkali in water. Unlike results with higher temperature pretreatments (150-180°C), 3,4,28,35 dilute acid, dilute alkali and ethanol used at 120°C showed poor abilities in removing xylan and especially lignin. Although THF showed good performance in the removal of lignin and xylan at a temperature of 150°C, 16 it did not perform as well at 120°C.…”
contrasting
confidence: 67%
“…[4][5][6][7] In the last several decades, research and development efforts have made significant progress in developing pretreatment technologies for lignocellulosic feedstocks. 4 Many methods such as those using lime, 8 dilute acid, 9 concentrated phosphoric acid (the so-called "COSLIF" pretreatment), 10 hot water, 11 ammonia, 12 steam explosion, 13 organosolv pretreatments, 14 SPORL (sulfite pretreatment to overcome recalcitrance of lignocellulose), 15 pretreatment using THF (tetrahydrofuran), 16 and ionic liquid pretreatment 5 have achieved varied levels of success. Several of these pretreatment methods, including dilute acid, hot water and steam explosion require fairly high temperatures (>170°C), which increases energy requirements and generally leads to at least some sugar degradation, which can require detoxification.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…4,15 Recently, a novel cosolvent based pretreatment method called CELF (Cosolvent Enhanced Lignocellulosic Fractionation) was reported 9,16,17 and exploited. 18,19 CELF pretreatment employs tetrahydrofuran (THF) in a single phase mixture with water to augment the deconstruction of biomass. THF is a polar aprotic ether that can serve as a renewable alternative to dioxane, as THF can be produced from the catalytic decarbonylation and hydrogenation of furfural.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…More recently, CELF exploited THF's solvent and catalytic properties in combination with water at elevated temperature reactions with or without acids, to hydrolyze biomass sugars and promote the extraction and depolymerization of lignin. [16][17][18][19]22 Because THF is a Lewis base that coordinates with both Lewis acids and strong Brønsted acids, the presence of an acid, even in dilute concentrations, lowers the solution pH and greatly reduces the reaction severity needed to achieve comparable results. The addition of an acid to the CELF pretreatment, however, is not required for the breakdown of biomass (as noted above), but rather accelerates delignification at lower reaction temperatures to prevent THF degradation.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The current understanding of the kinetic model of ethanol production is underdeveloped. Fractal kinetic analysis provides another point of view of heterogeneous chemical reactions to identify the optimal conditions of ethanol production from cornstalks (Chen et al 2014;Nguyen et al 2015).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%