Co-Solvent Selection for Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) of Phenolic Compounds from Labisia pumila

Abstract

A preliminary study was conducted to study the effects of different types and concentrations of co-solvents based on yield, composition and antioxidants capacity of extract prior to optimization studies of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of Labisia pumila (locally referred to as ‘kacip fatimah’). The following co-solvents were studied prior to the optimization of supercritical carbon dioxide (SC–CO2) technique: ethanol, water, methanol, as well as aqueous solutions of ethanol–water and methanol–water (50% and 70% v/v). By using the selected co-solvents, identification of phenolic acids (gallic acid, methyl gallate and caffeic acid) was determined by using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Then, the antioxidant capacity was evaluated by using three different assays: total phenolic content (TPC), ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) and free radical-scavenging capacity of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). SC–CO2 with 70% ethanol–water co-solvent was superior in terms of a higher combination of phenolic compounds extracted and antioxidants capacity. Overall, SC–CO2 with co-solvent 70% ethanol–water technique was efficient in extracting phenolic compounds from L. pumila, and thus the usage of this solvent system should be considered for further optimization studies.

Valorization of Tropical Biomass Waste by Supercritical Fluid Extraction Technology

“…Thus, the separation of shorter carbon chain compounds from longer carbon chain compounds co-extracted at higher solvent density (higher pressure) can be effectively separated at a lower pressure. For the sequential extraction of polar compounds, such as phenolics, from Labisia pumila leaves [52], pepper-rosmarin leaves [53], and purple corn [54], additional extractive solvents, such as ethanol and water, were subsequently introduced to attain the highest global yield and phenolic compounds recovery. This might be attributed to the fact that the initial SCO 2 pressurization had altered the plant cell matrix containing solutes, thus further facilitating effective polar interactions between solute and polar solvents to obtain better yield recovery.…”

Oil From Three Aguaje Morphotypes (Mauritia flexuosa L.f.) Extracted by Supercritical Fluid With CO2: Chemical Composition and Chromatic Properties

“…The efficiency of supercritical fluid CO 2 extraction depends on the variation of solubility with temperature (40 to 80 • C) and pressure (20 to 35 MPa) (Cunha et al, 2019;de Oliveira et al, 2019;Barbi et al, 2020). This technique has been used to evaluate the extraction performance, the quality of lipids (fatty acids, sterols, tocols, terpenoids, and volatile compounds), plant pigments (non-polar compounds), and bioactive compounds (polar compounds), the latter using co-solvents, such as methanol, ethanol, and water (Radzali et al, 2020).…”

Unassisted and Carbon Dioxide-Assisted Hydro- and Steam-Distillation: Modelling Kinetics, Energy Consumption and Chemical and Biological Activities of Volatile Oils

“…For the SHSDACD system, a chemical reactor that produced carbon dioxide (clean co-solvent) was used, Figure 1 . Based on the reported increased physicochemical solvent proprieties of the carbon dioxide and water fluid mixture [ 6 , 7 , 8 ], it was hypothesized that this system would allow more efficient and homogeneous internal diffusion through the plant material, due to the high density and low viscosity of the carbon dioxide fluid generated and heated at 100 °C. In addition to the high fluid diffusion, a better solubility and faster release of the volatile compounds was achieved, accelerating the extraction process with shorter extraction time and lower energy consumption.…”