CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions, Financial Development, Trade, and Income in North America: A Spatial Panel Data Approach

Mahmood, Haider

doi:10.1177/2158244020968085

Cited by 63 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…This study also demonstrates that there is a monotonically heightening (positive) association between FD and CO 2 . This result is in line with previous results of [ 69 ] for 21 North American economies and [ 61 ] who analyze an extensive panel of more than 100 countries. These authors show the positive impact of financial development on CO 2 emissions, and that this effect is reduced when including institutional factors into the analysis.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

The Non-Linear Impact of Financial Development on Environmental Quality and Sustainability: Evidence from G7 Countries

Ruza

Carretero

2022

IJERPH

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This paper analyses the impact of financial development on the environmental quality and sustainability for the group of G7 countries over the period 1990–2019 based on static panel data-fixed effect models. The objective is to explore if there exists a non-linear relationship between the whole financial system development and a wide array of measures of environmental sustainability and degradation, namely adjusted net savings, greenhouse gas, CO2, methane, nitrous oxide emissions and ecological footprint. We define a new Financial Environmental Kuznets Curve (FEKC) by introducing the square term of financial development on the environment-finance relationship. Empirical results prove the existence of non-linear relationships between the composite index of financial development and environmental degradation for the group of advanced economies. In the case of methane, we validate the presence of an inverted-U shape association in line with the FEKC hypothesis, while for greenhouse gas and CO2 the link follows a U-shaped pattern. The impact of financial development on environmental sustainability is monotonically positive and statistically significant while the ecological footprint is not statistically linked with the level of financial development within G7 countries. Economic growth, human capital, population density and primary energy consumption appear as significant drivers of environmental quality and sustainability.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

The Non-Linear Impact of Financial Development on Environmental Quality and Sustainability: Evidence from G7 Countries

Ruza

Carretero

2022

IJERPH

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“…Janjua et al [16] reported that foreign direct investment (FDI) and the industry sector were responsible for pollution. On the other hand, the literature found a mix of the negative and statistically insignificant effects of FDI on CO 2 emissions [17,18]. Khan et al [19] found that fossil fuels reduced and renewable energy improved the environmental quality in Europe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fiscal and Monetary Policies and Environment in GCC Countries: Analysis of Territory and Consumption-Based CO2 Emissions

et al. 2022

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Expansionary monetary and fiscal policies are necessary for economic and environmental development. The present research studies the impact of monetary policy and fiscal policy on Territory-Based CO2 (TBC) and Consumption-Based CO2 (CBC) emissions in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) economies from 1990–2019. The cointegration is corroborated through various tests, and long-term relationships are found in both TBC and CBC models. Government expenditures have long-term positive effects on both TBC and CBC emissions and short-term positive effects on TBC emissions in the region. Money supply negatively affects the TBC and CBC emissions in the long run and positively affects TBC and CBC emissions in the short run. Hence, monetary policy needs a long time to have positive ecological effects in the GCC region. Moreover, fiscal policy in both the long and short run and monetary policy in the short run have scale effects in GCC economies. Therefore, we recommend reducing fiscal measures and encouraging monetary policy in the long run to have positive environmental outcomes in the region.

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“…The study of the factors that contribute to air pollution reduction has been a hot topic in academia. So far, the main influencing factors include the level of economic development (Lin et al, 2014;Xie al, 2016;Jin et al, 2017;Ahmed et al, 2021), environmental regulation Wang and Li, 2021;, industrial structure (Pei et al, 2021;Xue et al, 2021), transport infrastructure (Kinney et al, 2011;Lozhkin et al, 2020;Liu and Dong, 2021), technological progress (Chen et al, 2019;Wu et al, 2020;Ma et al, 2022), financial development (Yang et al, 2021;Yang et al, 2022) and financial capacity (Kuai et al, 2019;Mahmood, 2020;Yang et al, 2022;Yin et al, 2022). Among these factors technological progress is an important means of air pollution abatement, most previous studies have focused on the impact of technological progress on air pollution abatement (Wang et al, 2019;Dong et al, 2020;Amann et al, 2020;Jahanger et al, 2022).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cities were divided into resource-based and nonresource-based cities according to the National Sustainable Development Plan for Resource-based Cities (2013-2020 issued by the State Council to examine the differential effects of examining Environmentally biased technological advances on air pollution. The results are shown in Table 10.…”

Section: Heterogeneity Of Whether It Is a Resource-based Citymentioning

confidence: 99%

Does environmentally biased technological progress reduce air pollution emissions? empirical analysis based on spatial model and PSTR model

Meng

Liu

Ran

2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Environmental policies and Environmentally biased technological advances have important theoretical value and practical significance for air pollution reduction and green economic development in China. The article is based on panel data for 270 cities in China from 2007 to 2020. Using a Spatial model, the direct, spillover and moderating effects of Environmentally biased technological progress on “local-neighbourhood” urban air pollution are examined empirically. On this basis, the PSTR model is used to further explore the non-linear effects of different types of environmental regulations. The study found that: 1) There is a significant positive spatial correlation between both air pollution and Environmentally biased technological progress in China. Environmentally biased technological progress significantly suppresses air pollution, with significant spatial spillover effects, and the conclusions remain robust after a series of robustness tests. 2) Different types of environmental regulations reinforce the dampening effect of Environmentally biased technological progress on air pollution. However, informal environmental regulation only reinforces the dampening effect of Environmentally biased technological progress on air pollution in the local cities. 3) There is a significant threshold effect of environmental regulation on the impact of Environmentally biased technological progress on air pollution. When the level of environmental regulation within a certain threshold interval, Environmentally biased technological progress has a dampening effect on air pollution. 4) The more eastern the city, the larger the city and the non-resource-based cities, the more significant the air pollution suppression effect of Environmentally biased technological advances. Based on this, this study points out that governments at all levels should pay attention to the spatial spillover effect of technological progress bias on air pollution, deepen the construction of joint prevention and control mechanisms for regional air pollution control; Establish multiple environmental regulation policies, formulate and implement environmental regulation policies according to local conditions and local technological progress bias; Formulate targeted environmental regulation policies and technological innovation policies according to the characteristics of different cities. It is an important theoretical reference to help China to fight the battle against air pollution in-depth and to promote further improvement of ecological and environmental quality.

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CO₂ Emissions, Financial Development, Trade, and Income in North America: A Spatial Panel Data Approach

Cited by 63 publications

References 75 publications

The Non-Linear Impact of Financial Development on Environmental Quality and Sustainability: Evidence from G7 Countries

The Non-Linear Impact of Financial Development on Environmental Quality and Sustainability: Evidence from G7 Countries

The Fiscal and Monetary Policies and Environment in GCC Countries: Analysis of Territory and Consumption-Based CO2 Emissions

Does environmentally biased technological progress reduce air pollution emissions? empirical analysis based on spatial model and PSTR model

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CO2 Emissions, Financial Development, Trade, and Income in North America: A Spatial Panel Data Approach

Cited by 63 publications

References 75 publications

The Non-Linear Impact of Financial Development on Environmental Quality and Sustainability: Evidence from G7 Countries

The Non-Linear Impact of Financial Development on Environmental Quality and Sustainability: Evidence from G7 Countries

The Fiscal and Monetary Policies and Environment in GCC Countries: Analysis of Territory and Consumption-Based CO2 Emissions

Does environmentally biased technological progress reduce air pollution emissions? empirical analysis based on spatial model and PSTR model

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CO₂ Emissions, Financial Development, Trade, and Income in North America: A Spatial Panel Data Approach