CO                                         <sub>2</sub> sequestration in basalt: Carbonate mineralization and fluid substitution

Adam, Ludmila; Otheim, Thomas; Wijk, Kasper van; Batzle, Michael; McLing, Travis; Podgorney, Robert

doi:10.1190/1.3627626

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Carbonation with the presence of water can lead to higher amounts of sequestered CO 2 compared to the dry carbonation processes [53,54]. The dissolution of CO 2 in water further affects the liquid reactivity, due to the high amounts of the released H + [3,4,6,50]. The concentration of Mg in water can affect the crystal growth of calcite, whereas, at high temperatures, Mg can precipitate in the form of solid mineral phases [3].…”

Section: Mineral Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Basaltic rocks are rich in Ca, Mg, and Fe, providing the potential for CO 2 mineralisation in the form of carbonate minerals. The released H + ions (chemical reaction-2) increase the reactivity of water, resulting in dissolution of the primary basalt minerals and the precipitation of Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , and Fe 2+ in the form of carbonate minerals [4,50], according to the following chemical reaction:…”

Section: Mineral Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Calcite formation is not favoured at temperatures higher than 290 • C [61] and depths between 200 and 400 m [62]. The time required for carbonate minerals precipitation strongly depends on the abundance of divalent cations, the fluid P-T, the liquid chemistry, the CO 2 saturation, and the pore surface area [4]. Diagrams of basalt dissolution rates vs. pH (Figure 5a,b) were designed using data from the literature [50,[63][64][65].…”

Section: Mineral Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CO 2 Capture and Storage (CCS) is one of the most advanced technologies that mediates the increase of the CO 2 contents in the atmosphere [3]. Basaltic rocks exhibit appropriate physicochemical properties for the implementation of carbonate mineral precipitation, through interaction of the Ca-Mg-Fe rich minerals with carbonic acid, derived from the dissolution of the injected CO 2 in water [4]. The newly formed minerals mostly consist of calcite, magnesite and siderite [5,6], which provide the potential for long-term and safe storage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential for Mineral Carbonation of CO2 in Pleistocene Basaltic Rocks in Volos Region (Central Greece)

et al. 2019

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Pleistocene alkaline basaltic lavas crop out in the region of Volos at the localities of Microthives and Porphyrio. Results from detailed petrographic study show porphyritic textures with varying porosity between 15% and 23%. Data from deep and shallow water samples were analysed and belong to the Ca-Mg-Na-HCO3-Cl and the Ca-Mg-HCO3 hydrochemical types. Irrigation wells have provided groundwater temperatures reaching up to ~30 °C. Water samples obtained from depths ranging between 170 and 250 m. The enhanced temperature of the groundwater is provided by a recent-inactive magmatic heating source. Comparable temperatures are also recorded in adjacent regions in which basalts of similar composition and age crop out. Estimations based on our findings indicate that basaltic rocks from the region of Volos have the appropriate physicochemical properties for the implementation of a financially feasible CO2 capture and storage scenario. Their silica-undersaturated alkaline composition, the abundance of Ca-bearing minerals, low alteration grade, and high porosity provide significant advantages for CO2 mineral carbonation. Preliminary calculations suggest that potential pilot projects at the Microthives and Porphyrio basaltic formations can store 64,800 and 21,600 tons of CO2, respectively.

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Section: Mineral Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mineral Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mineral Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential for Mineral Carbonation of CO2 in Pleistocene Basaltic Rocks in Volos Region (Central Greece)

et al. 2019

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“…Research into changes in seismic velocity due to CO

_2

injection in basalts is limited, especially when only including injection with CO

_2

dissolved in water. Laboratory experiments have varying results showing both decreasing (Kanakiya et al., 2017; Roy et al., 2016) and increasing (Adam et al., 2011, 2013) seismic velocity after injection. The experiments suggest that there is significant variability based on rock composition and pore structure, but more data are needed for conclusive links.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging CO2$_2$ reinjection into basalts at the CarbFix2 reinjection reservoir (Hellisheiði, Iceland) with body‐wave seismic interferometry

Hassing,

Draganov,

Janssen

et al. 2024

Geophysical Prospecting

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As part of the SUCCEED project, investigating CO reinjection with different seismic methods, both passive and active seismic surveys have been conducted at the geothermal power plant at Hellisheii, Iceland. During the 2021 survey, two geophone lines recorded noise for a week. We process the passive‐source data with seismic interferometry to image the subsurface structure around the CarbFix2 reinjection reservoir. To improve image quality, we perform an illumination analysis to select only noise panels dominated by body‐wave energy. The results show that most noise panels are dominated by air‐wave energy arriving from the direction of the power plant. We use panels with a near‐vertical incidence to create a zero‐offset image and a larger selection of body‐wave‐dominated panels to create virtual common‐shot gathers. We process the gathers with a simple reflection seismology processing workflow to obtain stacked images. The zero‐offset images show a relatively lower signal‐to‐noise ratio and only horizontal reflectors. The stacked images show slightly dipping reflectors and possibly lateral amplitude variations around the expected injection region. This could indicate a region of interest for future research into the reinjection reservoir.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Geoelectrical characterisation of CO2–water systems in porous media: application to carbon sequestration

et al. 2020

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Carbon sequestration is a promising method for the reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions as it permits the storage of compressed CO2 in the subsurface. The carbon sequestration sites must be monitored to detect potential leaks; one possible method involves the monitoring of geoelectrical properties such as electrical conductivity (σb) and dielectric constant (εb). This investigation focuses on using a time domain reflectometry (TDR) sensor to determine the influence of different factors on the measurements of the electrical conductivity (σb) and dielectric constant (εb) of a porous rock reservoir in relation to the soil water saturation (Sw). The factors investigated were presence of surfactant, salt concentration, pH and rock type which are unique to a given storage site. A number of dynamic two-phase flow experiments were performed using gaseous CO2. It was found that salt concentration, rock type and presence of a surfactant had a notable effect on the σb–Sw and εb–Sw relationships. Higher salt concentrations were found to give higher values for σb and εb for given Sw values. Limestone was found to result in the highest values of both σb and εb for any given Sw, followed by silica and basalt samples. The presence of a surfactant resulted in higher values for σb at higher Sw values and lower values for σb at lower Sw values compared to the case when no surfactant was present. Surfactant presence also resulted in lower values for εb at given Sw values. Initial pH values (with silica sand) were found to have no significant effect on the σb–Sw and εb–Sw relationships. The measurements of σb and εb indicate that the use of TDR presents a viable monitoring option. Furthermore, statistical analysis using non-linear regression was carried out on the experimental results and the model shows a good reliability in the prediction of the monitoring process in geological carbon sequestration.

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CO ₂ sequestration in basalt: Carbonate mineralization and fluid substitution

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Potential for Mineral Carbonation of CO2 in Pleistocene Basaltic Rocks in Volos Region (Central Greece)

Potential for Mineral Carbonation of CO2 in Pleistocene Basaltic Rocks in Volos Region (Central Greece)

Imaging CO2$_2$ reinjection into basalts at the CarbFix2 reinjection reservoir (Hellisheiði, Iceland) with body‐wave seismic interferometry

Geoelectrical characterisation of CO2–water systems in porous media: application to carbon sequestration

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CO 2 sequestration in basalt: Carbonate mineralization and fluid substitution

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Potential for Mineral Carbonation of CO2 in Pleistocene Basaltic Rocks in Volos Region (Central Greece)

Potential for Mineral Carbonation of CO2 in Pleistocene Basaltic Rocks in Volos Region (Central Greece)

Imaging CO2$_2$ reinjection into basalts at the CarbFix2 reinjection reservoir (Hellisheiði, Iceland) with body‐wave seismic interferometry

Geoelectrical characterisation of CO2–water systems in porous media: application to carbon sequestration

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CO ₂ sequestration in basalt: Carbonate mineralization and fluid substitution