Co-treatment of chlorpyrifos and lead induce serum lipid disorders in rats

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of taurine (TA) on serum lipid profiles following chronic coadministration of chlorpyrifos (CP) and lead acetate (Pb) in male Wistar rats. Fifty rats randomly distributed into five groups served as subjects. Distilled water (DW) was given to DW group, while soya oil (SO; 1 mL kg(-1)) was given to SO group. The TA group was treated with TA (50 mg kg(-1)). The CP + Pb group was administered sequentially with CP (4.25 mg kg(-1); 1/20th median lethal dose (LD50)) and Pb at 233.25 mg kg(-1) (1/20th LD50), while the TA + CP + Pb group received TA (50 mg kg(-1)), CP (4.25 mg kg(-1)), and Pb (233.25 mg kg(-1)) sequentially. The treatments were administered once daily by oral gavage for 16 weeks. The rats were euthanised, and the blood samples were collected at the termination of the study. Sera obtained from the blood samples were analyzed for total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and malondialdehyde, and also the activities of serum antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase were analyzed. The low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and atherogenic index were calculated. The results showed that CP and Pb induced alterations in the serum lipid profiles and evoked oxidative stress. TA alleviated the disruptions in the serum lipid profiles of the rats partially by mitigating oxidative stress. It was concluded that TA may be used for prophylaxis against serum lipid disorders in animals that were constantly co-exposed to CP and Pb in the environment.

Developmental toxicity of lead in rats after gestational exposure and the protective role of taurine

“…Our data was in accordance with some authors who studied the protective effect of TA on embryotoxicity. [ 14–43 ] A recent study demonstrated a positive correlation between maternal TA intake and fetal length in human subjects. [ 44 ] Although we did not observe a significant change between fetuses of TA‐supplemented dams and the control ones, TA pretreatment significantly increased fetal length of the Pb‐treated group.…”

“…This dose has been previously shown to be effective to mitigate cognitive impairment, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidants depletion induced by lead acetate and chlorpyrifos in male rats. [ 23 ]…”

Taurine abated subacute dichlorvos toxicity

“…It is known that TA may impede lipid peroxidation by increasing the activities of GPx and SOD in biological systems [30] . It has been postulated that TA decreased serum MDA concentration in male Wistar rats co-administered with chlorpyrifos and lead probably through its antioxidant properties [18] . To the best of our knowledge, this is the first investigation in which TA was reported to mitigate subacute DP toxicity through the alleviation of oxidative stress.…”

“…On the contrary, the activities of the serum antioxidant enzymes were augmented in the rats that were treated with TA. It has been demonstrated that TA enhanced the activities of serum antioxidant enzymes in male Wistar rats exposed to environmental toxicants [18] . According to Eppler and Dawson [34] , TA elicits its antioxidant effects by improvement of the antioxidant system, production of chloramines with hypochlorous acid and restoration of GSH during oxidative stress.…”

“…Distilled water was given to the DW group, while the SO group was administered with soya oil (1 ml/kg). The TA group was treated with taurine only (50 mg/kg [17] , [18] ), while the DP group received dichlorvos only (10 mg/kg, 1/7th LD 50 ). The combination treatment group received TA first (50 mg/kg), and then DP (10 mg/kg) 30 min after the administration of TA.…”