CO2 embodied in trade: trends and fossil fuel drivers

Weber, Sylvain; Gerlagh, Reyer; Mathys, Nicole A.; Moran, Daniel

doi:10.1007/s11356-020-12178-w

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…In terms of individual countries, in 2015 the largest net importers of CO 2 were the USA (0.79 Gt), Japan (0.16 Gt), the UK (0.14 Gt) and France (0.13 Gt), while the largest net exporters of CO 2 were China (1.3 Gt), Russia (0.32 Gt), India (0.12 Gt) and South Africa (0.1 Gt) (Yamano and Guilhoto 2020 ). There is a recent boom in the literature investigating the flows of carbon emissions embodied in international trade and identifying the factors affecting the change of these emissions (Sato 2014 ; Zhang et al 2017 , 2020 ; Beylot et al 2019 ; Wang et al 2019 ; Najibullah et al 2021 ; Weber et al 2021 ; Adebayo and Rjoub 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An environmentally extended global multi-regional input–output analysis of consumption-based and embodied import-based carbon emissions of Turkey

Mangır

Şahin

2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Understanding the consumption-based accounting (CBA), production-based accounting (PBA), and emissions embodied in trade is an important prerequisite for designing climate mitigation policies. Environmentally extended input–output (EEIO) models have been developed to evaluate the linkages between economic activities and environmental impacts as well as the embodied emissions in goods and services that are traded between countries. In this study, an environmentally extended global multi-regional input–output (EE GMRIO) analysis is performed to calculate Turkey’s CBA emissions and import-based embodied emissions for the year 2015 using the Eora26 database, which is a simplified version of the Eora database adapted to 26 economic sectors. The key sectors and sectoral carbon intensities of countries are determined in terms of embodied emissions in imports for household consumption. Our results indicate that Turkey was a net importer of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in 2015 and about 10% of total emissions of the final consumption in Turkey have occurred in other countries. The dominant contributing sectors to a nation’s GHG emissions can be quite different for the CBA and PBA approaches and the efforts to reduce GHG emissions requires a holistic approach. Import-based household emissions are assessed in terms of countries, sector and GHG intensities. Our results indicate that Turkey was a net importer of GHG emissions in 2015 with its approximately 10% of the total and 7.7% of household final consumption emissions having occurred in other countries. This also suggests that imported goods and services for household consumption have been produced in those countries with relatively low emission intensities. Considering Turkey’s emissions reduction targets, these results provide methodological benefits that will enhance national efforts by giving invaluable inputs about the emission intensity of imported and exported goods and better guidance to policy makers about future strategies for low-carbon manufacturing and shifting consumption patterns.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An environmentally extended global multi-regional input–output analysis of consumption-based and embodied import-based carbon emissions of Turkey

Mangır

Şahin

2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…Additionally, trade liberalization has a positive impact on the increase in global carbon emissions, and the average carbon intensity of traded goods is higher than the average emission intensity of final demand. 63 These findings have significant implications for policymakers to designate relevant policies and for managers to supervise the secondary recycling of domestic resources.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper trade risk in China: A multidimensional dynamic evaluation

et al. 2023

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Copper is the primary material of the national manufacturing industry, widely used to construct the national economy. As one of the critical minerals, trade security of copper resources is related to the stable development of the domestic industry. The dynamic evaluation of China's copper trade and identification of the principal risk points is helpful to promote the sustainable development of resources. In this paper, the environmental impact of trade is included in the research category, and the paper conducts a dynamic assessment of China's copper trade risks from 2001 to 2020 of multiple dimensions through the improved DEA‐like model, identifies the main risk points in different periods, and predicts future trade risks. The results show that China's copper resource trade risk has continued to rise since 2001, and its characteristics have gradually changed. The main risk points of trade have experienced the market equilibrium stage, reserve resources stage, and import dependency stage. A high degree of external dependence and environmental pollution intensification has become the key factors influencing the trade risk at the present stage. Copper resources risk will rise slowly in the future and reach a high‐risk state. Trade risks will decline slightly after 2025, but it is still in a dangerous condition. Relevant policies need to be issued to alleviate the trade risk. Combined with the evaluation results, this paper puts forward multidimensional risk management suggestions to ensure the security of copper resources, and improve the flexibility of the resource industry chain. The article provides direction for resource security and sustainable development in the future. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…In addition, export trade will not only increase embodied carbon emissions but also increase total carbon dioxide emissions. According to Weber et al ( 2021 ), trade liberalization may increase global emissions. Those findings, therefore, highlight the importance of considering trade when designing carbon dioxide reduction strategies.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of high-tech product export trade on regional carbon performance in China: the mediating roles of industrial structure supererogation, low-carbon technological innovation, and human capital accumulation

Han

Zhou

2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The role of expanding the proportion of high-tech products in the export trade of various countries to identify the appropriate export structure has gradually attracted the attention of governments and scholars. While there is some knowledge on how high-tech product exports affect carbon dioxide emissions, the mechanisms involved in that link have not been adequately addressed in previous studies. This study is based on China’s inter-provincial panel data from 2006 to 2017 and uses the stepwise regression method and the bootstrap method to systematically investigate the mediating effects of industrial structure supererogation, low-carbon technological innovation, and human capital accumulation, operating in the impact of high-tech product export trade on regional carbon performance. Since the Pesaran’s CD test and the P&Y slope homogeneity test confirm the presence of cross-sectional dependence and slope heterogeneity in the panel data, we use the CADF and CIPS unit root tests to verify the stationarity of the variables and therefore employ the CCEMG and DCCE estimators for regression estimation. The research results show that high-tech product exports can help improve regional carbon performance. The mediating variables, industrial structure supererogation, low-carbon technological innovation, and human capital accumulation separately have positive and complete mediating effects on the link between high-tech product export trade and regional carbon performance. The research results highlight the important part of expanding high-tech product exports in improving regional carbon performance and have significance in promoting China’s green and low-carbon transition.

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CO2 embodied in trade: trends and fossil fuel drivers

Cited by 13 publications

References 59 publications

An environmentally extended global multi-regional input–output analysis of consumption-based and embodied import-based carbon emissions of Turkey

An environmentally extended global multi-regional input–output analysis of consumption-based and embodied import-based carbon emissions of Turkey

Copper trade risk in China: A multidimensional dynamic evaluation

The impact of high-tech product export trade on regional carbon performance in China: the mediating roles of industrial structure supererogation, low-carbon technological innovation, and human capital accumulation

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