CO2 Emissions by Agricultural Machines in South Korea

Shin, Chang Seop; Kim, K U

doi:10.13031/aea.11796

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Also, the obtained results show that the change in CO2 emissions for productive ploughing from the field ploughing time efficiency coefficient was very insignificant, the value being about 63.10 ± 31 kg ha −1 . The curves presented in Figures 9 and 10 confirm the published results of previous studies [31][32][33] that CO2 emissions are inextricably linked to tractor fuel consumption. The CO2 emissions of a tractor engine are proportional to the amount of fuel burned [34,35].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Validation of Criteria for Predicting Tractor Fuel Consumption and CO2 Emissions When Ploughing Fields of Different Shapes and Dimensions

Damanauskas,

Janulevičius

2023

AgriEngineering

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Climate change is linked to CO2 emissions, the reduction of which has become a top priority. In response to these circumstances, scientists must constantly develop new technologies that increase fuel efficiency and reduce emissions. Agriculture today is dominated by arable fields of various sizes, shapes, and dimensions, and to achieve fuel economy and environmental impact requirements, it is not enough to know only the principles of optimization of tillage processes; it is also necessary to understand the influence of field size and its shape and dimensions on tillage performance. The purpose of this research is to present a methodology that allows predicting tractor fuel demand and CO2 emissions per unit of ploughed area when ploughing field plots with different shapes and dimensions and to confirm a suitable variable for such a prediction. Theoretical calculations and experimental tests have shown that the field ploughing time efficiency coefficient is a useful metric for comparing field plots of different shapes and dimensions. This coefficient effectively describes tractor fuel consumption and CO2 emissions during ploughing operations on differently configured field plots. A reasonable method for calculating the real field ploughing time efficiency coefficient is based on field and tillage data and a practical determination method using tractor engine load reports. It was found that during the research, when ploughing six field plots of different shapes and dimensions, with an area of 6 ha, the field ploughing time efficiency coefficient varied from 0.68 to 0.82, and fuel consumption between 15.6 and 16.5 kg/ha. In the field plot of 6 ha, where the field ploughing time efficiency coefficient was 15% higher, the fuel consumption per unit area was lower by about 5.5%. The results of this study will help to effectively predict tillage time and tractor fuel consumption required for different field shapes and dimensions.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Validation of Criteria for Predicting Tractor Fuel Consumption and CO2 Emissions When Ploughing Fields of Different Shapes and Dimensions

Damanauskas,

Janulevičius

2023

AgriEngineering

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“…The emission factors of five air pollutants used in the study are listed in Table 3. They were obtained from the Air Pollutant Emission Inventory Guidebook from EMEP/EEA [20].…”

Section: Emissions Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among them, agricultural machinery uses mainly diesel and gasoline as their fuels in Korea. Given the growing importance of agricultural machinery, researchers started to estimate the emissions at the city, regional, or country level [20,21]. The agricultural machinery emissions of NOx, PM 10 , VOCs, and CO were estimated at 16,209, 1348, 1933, and 7097 tons, respectively, in 2015, and 16,249, 1330, 1902, and 7038 tons, respectively, in 2018 in Korea [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Air Pollutant Emissions for Mechanized Rice Cultivation in Korea

et al. 2021

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In Korea, rice is a major staple grain and it is mainly cultivated using various types of agricultural machinery. Air pollutants emitted from agricultural machinery have their origins mainly from the exhaustion of internal combustion engines. In this study, the emission characteristics of five main air pollutants by the European Environment Agency’s Tier 1 method for rice cultivation were analyzed. Diesel is a main fuel for agricultural machinery and gasoline is generally used only for rice transplanters as a fuel in Korea. Tractors consume 46% of total fuel consumption and 56% of diesel fuel consumption. Gasoline used for rice transplanters accounts for about 17% of the total fuel consumption each year. Tractors and rice transplanters emit 82% of all total pollutants. From 2011 to 2019, the total amount of air pollutant emissions decreased by 15%. That accounted for the reduction of rice cultivation fields in those periods. Rice transplanting operation accounts for 42% of total emissions. Then, harrowing, harvesting, tilling, leveling, and pest control operations generated 10%, 10%, 8%, 8%, and 7% of total emissions, respectively. The contribution of each air pollutant held 54% of CO, 39% of NOx, 5% of NMVOC, and 2% of TSP from the total emission inventory. The three major regions emitting air pollutants from mechanized agricultural practices were Jeollanam-do, Chungcheongnam-do, and Jeollabuk-do, which consume 55% of the total fuel usage in rice farming. The total amount of air pollutant emissions from rice cultivation practices in 2019 was calculated as 8448 tons in Korea.

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“…In response to these environmental concerns, research focused on reducing exhaust gas emissions and decreasing dependency on fossil fuels has been actively pursued [20][21][22]. Such research is particularly important for increasing energy efficiency in agriculture [23][24][25][26], which has recently seen a shift from internal combustion engines to electric drive systems [27,28]. With the increasing development and integration of renewable energy sources, electric drive systems are becoming a greener alternative.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing Safety Factors and Predicting Fatigue Life of Weak Points in an Electrically Driven, Multi-Purpose Cultivation Tractor

Hwang,

Kim,

et al. 2024

Agriculture

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The advancement of agriculture and a shortage of labor have led to an increased use of agricultural machinery. However, the resulting environmental issues have prompted a shift from internal combustion engines to electric drivetrains. The electric drivetrain includes the installation of batteries, which can lead to decreased energy efficiency and significant loads on the vehicle due to their heavy weight. Consequently, the importance of ensuring the safety of agricultural machinery is being increasingly emphasized. The load on the frame of agricultural machinery is not consistent during off-road driving, and the accumulation of load cycles can lead to the destruction and failure of components. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure a level of safety and to predict the fatigue life. In this study, we estimate the safety factor and predict the fatigue life of weak points in an electrically driven, multi-purpose cultivation tractor based on working conditions (width, soil, and drive). Strain gauges were attached to these weak points to measure the strain, which was then converted to von Mises stress. Fatigue life was predicted using the rainflow counting method and the Palmgren–Miner rule. The results showed that the safety factor measured under various working conditions was greater than 1. The estimated minimum fatigue life was 124,176 years. Considering that the cultivator is used for 29.7 h annually and has a durability lifespan of 5 years, it is expected to be safely usable throughout its service life.

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CO2 Emissions by Agricultural Machines in South Korea

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Validation of Criteria for Predicting Tractor Fuel Consumption and CO2 Emissions When Ploughing Fields of Different Shapes and Dimensions

Validation of Criteria for Predicting Tractor Fuel Consumption and CO2 Emissions When Ploughing Fields of Different Shapes and Dimensions

Analysis of Air Pollutant Emissions for Mechanized Rice Cultivation in Korea

Analyzing Safety Factors and Predicting Fatigue Life of Weak Points in an Electrically Driven, Multi-Purpose Cultivation Tractor

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