Nowadays,
more than 80% of the world’s energy supply is
provided by nonrenewable fossil fuels (oil, coal, and natural gas),
which are the main sources of CO2 emission. The conversion
of CO2 into the most useful organic chemicals (methanol
and ethylene glycol (EG)) not only effectively mitigates CO2 emissions but also produces value-added chemicals and replaces nonrenewable
energy sources. This Review provides a comprehensive view of the significant
research progress on indirect CO2 hydrogenation to methanol
and EG through the ethylene carbonate intermediate. First, the advances
and challenges of direct catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol are addressed. Subsequently, the advances in CO2 epoxidation to cyclic carbonates, particularly to ethylene
carbonate, are summarized. This matured and commercialized ethylene
carbonate (EC) production route is vital because of the efficient
production of EG and methanol from catalytic hydrogenation of EC and
hydrolysis of EC to EG, which replaces the conventional EG production
process by hydration of ethylene oxide. Then, the progress on the
catalytic hydrogenation of CO2-derived EC is discussed
in detail, focusing on Cu-based heterogeneous catalysts. We provided
a detailed discussion with emphasis on the nature, evolution, and
precise role of active sites in Cu-based catalysts, including other
influencing factors such as the preparation method, support, and addition
of promoters. Moreover, the possible hydrogenation reaction mechanism,
reaction conditions, design optimization, and on-site assessment of
Cu-based catalysts for EC hydrogenation are included. Lastly, we provided
a summary and outlook.