To
better understand how supercritical carbon dioxide (CO
2
) enhances shale gas production, it is necessary to study the interaction
of supercritical CO
2
with shale and its impact on shale
microstructure. The different mechanisms by which supercritical CO
2
changes the shale pore structure were studied by X-ray diffraction
analyses, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nuclear magnetic resonance
spectroscopy, and low-pressure nitrogen gas adsorption tests on shale
samples before and after treatment with different pressures and gases
(CO
2
and Ar). The results showed that after treatment with
CO
2
, the mineral content of shale changed significantly,
and in particular, the proportions of calcite and dolomite decreased.
The mineral content of shale changed the most after treatment with
supercritical CO
2
, and the microscopic pores were most
observable by SEM. In a gaseous CO
2
environment, the effect
of CO
2
adsorption on shale pores is greater than the effects
of gas pressure and dissolution reactions. However, in a supercritical
CO
2
environment, the changes in shale pore structures are
mainly controlled by extraction and dissolution reactions. When shale
is exposed to supercritical CO
2
, the fractal dimensions
of adsorption pores and seepage pores decrease, indicating that the
specific surface area and roughness of adsorption pores decrease.
This implies that the adsorption capacity decreases, and that the
complexity of the seepage pores declines, which is conducive for gas
migration.