Coal–biomass co-combustion: An overview

Sahu, S.G.; Chakraborty, Nilanjan; Sarkar, Pinaki

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2014.07.106

Cited by 311 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 137 publications

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“…In addition to decreasing sulphur content in Coalgae ® , SO 2 reduction can also be attributed to sulphur retained in Coalgae ® ash as shown in Table 3. Biomass co-firing may result in increased or decreased combustion efficiency compared to pure coal depending on the characteristics of different blends and combustion environments [12]. Combustion efficiency also referred to as burnout of carbon was calculated using eqn.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Evaluation of the Greenhouse Gas Reduction Potential Through the Co-Firing of Coal and Microalgae Biomass

Magida¹,

Zeelie²,

Dugmore³

2017

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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South Africa is heavily depended on coal to meet its energy requirements. There is therefore a significant incentive to develop and implement clean coal combustion technologies that would reduce the environmental impact of energy generation from coal. For power generation, the co-firing of renewable biomass fuels at conventional coal-fired power stations is recognised as one of the lowercost, lower-risk options to achieve significant greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions. The aim of study was to evaluate the GHG emission reduction potential through the co-firing of coal and microalgae biomass. Coal to microalgae mass ratios of 95:5 and 90:10 were prepared, combusted in a fixed-bed reactor and compared to pure coal. The emission concentration of CO2 (%), NOx (ppm) and SO2 (ppm) of coal and Coalgae ® blends (a composite material containing coal and microalgae biomass) were measured during the combustion of the three materials using Lancom 4 portable flue gas analyser. The results have shown significant reduction in CO2, SO2 and NOx levels when Coalgae ® was burned. Emission reductions of 8.4%, 17.5% and 10.4% for CO2, SO2 and NOx were achieved with Coalgae ® 5%, respectively. Reductions of 10.7%, 21.4% and 15.4% for CO2, SO2 and NOx were achieved with Coalgae ® 10%, respectively. Moreover, the combustion efficiency of Coalgae ® was maintained at 97.60% slightly below 99.26% (1.7% difference) obtained from the pure coal. Based on the above findings, the co-firing of coal and microalgae biomass was necessary for the reduction of GHG emissions. As such, Coalgae ® can be considered as an alternative fuel in any coal driven process for energy generation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Evaluation of the Greenhouse Gas Reduction Potential Through the Co-Firing of Coal and Microalgae Biomass

Magida¹,

Zeelie²,

Dugmore³

2017

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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“…Moreover, retrofitting an existing coal-fired boiler to be co-fueled is significantly cheaper than building a new biomass-fired plant [6]. However, many challenges still need to be overcome in retrofitting coal-fired devices for co-firing [7,8], particularly in the areas of (i) fuel collection, (ii) devolatilization of coal/biomass fuel blends, (iii) ignition and flame stability of co-combustion of coal and biomass, (iv) char burning and burnout characteristics and (v) ash formation and deposition problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of alkali species release from a burning coal/biomass blend

Liu

Wang

et al. 2018

Applied Energy

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Solvent fractionation, Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and chemical analysis were applied to binary fuel mixtures of Zhundong coal and cornstalk agricultural class to investigate the release characteristics of alkali species during co-firing of coal and biomass. As the biomass proportion increases, the water-soluble, NH4Ac-soluble and HCl-soluble alkali species interconvert; the extent of the conversion depends on the composition of the blend. From LIBS measurements, it was found that adding the biomass accelerates combustion and outgassing processes.The higher the proportion of the biomass in the blend, the earlier the peak concentrations of alkali appear, and the magnitude of peak concentrations of sodium and potassium decrease and increase, respectively. Furthermore, the interaction between coal and biomass can generate crystals causing the eutectic melting phenomenon (similar to feldspar in XRD results), which results in a sharp decline of the ash fusion temperatures (AFTs). The results not only provide the information of fundamental transformation but also guide industrial co-firing applications of lignite and agricultural class biomass to reduce the risk of ash deposition.

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“…This fact alone gives extensive support to the growth of power sectors in developing countries (Sahu et al 2014). Sometimes biofuel products are mixed with coal to achieve better control of the burning process (Wang et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fouling and Slagging Characteristics during Co-combustion of Coal and Biomass

Zhu¹,

Yang²,

Chen³

et al. 2017

BioResources

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The effects of different kinds (cotton stalk, rice husk, and sawdust) and proportions (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% based on weight) of biomass and operating conditions (temperature and excess air coefficient) were evaluated relative to the ash deposition characteristics during the cofiring of Huang Ling (HL) coal with biomass. The experiments were performed in a drop-tube furnace. The chemical compositions and mineral phase characteristics of the collected ash particles were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive Xray (SEM-EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The results showed that the most severe agglomeration, from co-firing coal with cotton stalk, was due to the higher content of alkali metals, especially K. The amount of K in the ash increased with an increasing proportion of cotton stalk, and ultimately, agglomeration was more serious. When the combustion temperature increased from 1050 °C to 1300 °C, the dystectic solid compounds were transformed into eutectic compounds. The increased excess air coefficient accelerated the sulfur reaction, but did not relieve the heavy sintering. Consequently, limiting the content of biomass in the fuel blends, maintaining a lower combustion temperature, and a suitable level of excess air were determined to be necessary for the co-firing of coal and biomass.

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Coal–biomass co-combustion: An overview

Cited by 311 publications

References 137 publications

An Evaluation of the Greenhouse Gas Reduction Potential Through the Co-Firing of Coal and Microalgae Biomass

An Evaluation of the Greenhouse Gas Reduction Potential Through the Co-Firing of Coal and Microalgae Biomass

Characteristics of alkali species release from a burning coal/biomass blend

Fouling and Slagging Characteristics during Co-combustion of Coal and Biomass

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