Coastal mangrove forests mitigated tsunami

Kathiresan, K.; Rajendran, Narayanasamy

doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2005.06.022

Cited by 620 publications

(226 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Mangroves, situated at the confluence of land and sea in the world’s subtropical and tropical coastal areas, promote the sludge sedimentation and protect coast resident’s life and property from tsunamis (Alongi 2002, 2008; Kathiresan and Rajendran 2005). There are about 9 orders, 20 families, 27 genera, and roughly 70 species of mangrove plants all over the world, occupying a total estimated area of 137,760 km 2 (Alongi 2002; Giri et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community structure of endophytic fungi of four mangrove species in Southern China

Sun

Chen

et al. 2016

Mycology

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Mangrove forests play an important role in subtropical and tropical coastal ecosystems. Endophytic fungi are widely distributed in various ecosystems and have great contribution to global biodiversity. In order to better understand the effects of mangrove species and tissue types on endophytic fungal community, we investigated cultivable endophytic fungi in leaves and twigs of four mangroves Aegiceras corniculatum, Avicennia marina, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, and Kandelia candel in Guangxi, China. The four tree species had similar overall colonisation rates of endophytic fungi (24–33%). The colonisation rates of endophytic fungi were higher in twigs (30–58%) than in leaves (6–25%) in the four plant species. A total of 36 endophytic fungal taxa were identified based on morphological characteristics and molecular data, including 35 Ascomycota and 1 Basidiomycota, dominated by Phomopsis, Phyllosticta, Xylaria, Leptosphaerulina, and Pestalotiopsis. The diversity of endophytic fungi was higher in twigs than in leaves in the four plant species. Some endophytic fungi showed host and tissue preference. The endophytic fungal community composition was different among four mangrove species and between leaf and twig tissues.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community structure of endophytic fungi of four mangrove species in Southern China

Sun

Chen

et al. 2016

Mycology

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“…Coastal human communities which live near mangrove areas also rely on the provision of a variety of food, timber, chemicals and medicines derived from mangrove forests (Ewel et al, 1998;Glaser, 2003;Walters et al, 2008). Their ecological function in coastal protection was demonstrated in the 2004 tsunami when mangroves in good ecological condition proved effective in this regard (Dahdouh-Guebas et al, 2005;Kathiresan and Rajendran, 2005). Last but not least, mangroves host a unique set of associated fauna, such as semi-terrestrial and tree-dwelling brachyuran crabs (Fratini et al, 2005;Cannicci et al, 2008) and insects , and, within soft-sediment habitats, they provide a unique hard-sediment substratum needed for a unique and diverse assemblage of benthos (Farnsworth and Ellison, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of urban wastewater on crab and mollusc assemblages in equatorial and subtropical mangroves of East Africa

Cannicci

Bartolini

Dahdouh‐Guebas

et al. 2009

Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science

102

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a b s t r a c tMangrove forests are known to accomplish crucial ecosystem functions and services. They are nursery areas for fish, prawns and crabs, which provide coastal communities with a variety of food, timber and chemicals, and protect coasts from catastrophic events, such as tsunamis. Recently, a novel ecological service has been proposed for mangrove systems, namely natural wastewater treatment wetlands. This hypothesis was based on experimental data collected mainly in Chinese mangrove systems, which proved that mangrove soils were efficient in absorbing nutrients. Moreover, sewage loading seemed harmless to both plants and benthic communities in these systems. However, before promoting the use of natural mangroves as pollution buffers, or constructed mangrove wetlands as sewage treatment facilities, more data are needed on their overall tolerance to organic loading. Differences in macrobenthos patterns were thus investigated between peri-urban mangroves and sites not affected by sewage disposal in East Africa. We assessed differences in epifaunal assemblages, comprising crabs and molluscs, employing multivariate ACI unbalanced analyses to compare peri-urban mangrove swamps with those characteristic of non-urban mangroves with similar ecological traits. The sampling design was spatially nested, replicates being assessed at equatorial (southern Kenya) and subtropical (southern Mozambique) sites. The results manifested a consistent increase in crab biomass at the peri-urban sites in both Kenya and Mozambique. Moreover, the peri-urban systems were richer than the non-urban mangroves, both in terms of fiddler crabs (Uca spp.) which feed on benthic microalgae and bacteria, and sesarmids, such as Perisesarma guttatum and Neosarmatium meinerti, which feed on both substratum and leaf litter. The abundance of gastropods, in contrast, decreased significantly, especially in Kenya, mainly due to the disappearance of the mud whelk Terebralia palustris. The results thus indicate that, in East African mangrove systems, domestic wastewater has detectable effects on crabs and molluscs, suggesting their usefulness as bioindicators of its effects in mangroves. Transformed benthic patterns at the peri-urban sites indicated the need for further study of the actual potential of natural mangrove forests to absorb pollution in sewage treatment.

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“…Sampling was done at locations impacted by the devastating tsunami (based on our survey and information from the forest department and local government agencies). Some of these sites have been investigated over the last few years to study the impact of the tsunami on issues ranging from loss of lives, general destruction of property and mangrove forests, and redistribution of pollutants (e.g., Kathiresan and Rajendran 2005;Babu et al 2007;Seralathan et al 2006;Ranjan et al 2008b). In addition, some of these sites were previously reported to have been affected by pollution activities (Ramanathan et al 1999).…”

Section: Sample Locationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the devastating tsunami in Southeast Asia in December 2004 deposited offshore sediments enriched in trace metals, and transported them deep into the coastal regions when these areas were inundated by seawater (Szczucinski et al 2005;Seralathan et al 2006;Babu et al 2007;Srinivasalu et al 2008). Located in the South-eastern coastal region in peninsular India, the Pichavaram mangrove-estuarine complex was widely impacted by the tsunami (Kathiresan and Rajendran 2005;Seralathan et al 2006;Senthilkumar et al 2008; Figure 1). Notably, the Pichavaram mangroves along with the vegetation cover in Vellar estuary decreased direct impact of the tsunami, and averted some of the damage (Kathiresan and Rajendran 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Located in the South-eastern coastal region in peninsular India, the Pichavaram mangrove-estuarine complex was widely impacted by the tsunami (Kathiresan and Rajendran 2005;Seralathan et al 2006;Senthilkumar et al 2008; Figure 1). Notably, the Pichavaram mangroves along with the vegetation cover in Vellar estuary decreased direct impact of the tsunami, and averted some of the damage (Kathiresan and Rajendran 2005). Nonetheless, in estuarine areas (Vellar and Coleroon estuaries), off-shore sediments up to 1 m in height were deposited, whereas in mangrove forests depending on the forest cover and distance from sea, < 40-50 cm of offshore sediments were deposited (Seralathan et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trace metal fractionation in the Pichavaram mangrove–estuarine sediments in southeast India after the tsunami of 2004

Ranjan

Singh

Routh

et al. 2013

Environ Monit Assess

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The geochemistry of coastal sediments of southern India was altered after the tsunami in 2004. A five-step sequential extraction procedure was applied to assess the effects of tsunami on mobility and redistribution of selected elements (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn). Ten surface sediments and three cores were analyzed for different metal fractions (exchangeable, carbonate, reduced, oxidized, and residual). Total metal concentrations increased in mangrove sediments after the tsunami, but their spatial distribution did not show significant variation (except Mn). The sediments were mixed by the tsunami, and there was lack of variation in metal concentrations in different fractions with depth (except Pb and Mn). High concentrations of Pb and Zn occurred in the oxide fractions, whereas Cu, Cr, Cd, and Ni were high in the organic and sulfide rich fractions. Metals in the residual fraction (lattice bound) had the highest concentration suggesting their nonavailability and limited biological uptake in the system. Most of the metals (except Mn) do not constitute a risk based on the different geochemical indices.

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Coastal mangrove forests mitigated tsunami

Cited by 620 publications

References 8 publications

Community structure of endophytic fungi of four mangrove species in Southern China

Community structure of endophytic fungi of four mangrove species in Southern China

Effects of urban wastewater on crab and mollusc assemblages in equatorial and subtropical mangroves of East Africa

Trace metal fractionation in the Pichavaram mangrove–estuarine sediments in southeast India after the tsunami of 2004

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