Coastal Systems

Haslett, Simon K.

doi:10.4324/9780203977125

Cited by 47 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…In our simplified model, the sediments are supposed to be transported offshore and disappear, while in the real erosion process these sediments are partially transported along the coast. However our approximation is justified by some examples, like the North Coast of Oregon (USA), a leading hedge coast dominated by erosion with very limited coastal deposits [17].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Self-Stabilized Fractality of Seacoasts through Damped Erosion

2004

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Erosion of rocky coasts spontaneously creates irregular seashores. But the geometrical irregularity, in turn, damps the sea-waves, decreasing the average wave amplitude. There may then exist a mutual self-stabilisation of the waves amplitude together with the irregular morphology of the coast. A simple model of such stabilisation is studied. It leads, through a complex dynamics of the earth-sea interface, to the appearance of a stationary fractal seacoast with dimension close to 4/3. Fractal geometry plays here the role of a morphological attractor directly related to percolation geometry.PACS numbers: 64.60. Ak,92.40.Gc Coastline morphology is of current interest in geophysical research [1], and coastline erosion has important economic consequences [2]. Also, the recent concern about global warming has increased the demand for a better understanding of coastal evolution. At the same time, although the geometry of seacoasts is often used as an introductory archetype of fractal morphology in nature [3,4], there has been no explanation about which physical mechanism could justify that empirical observation. In the field litterature[5] one can read: "As a matter of some urgency, researchers concerned with coastal evolution should consider the alternative models, even if there are few supporting data. The ideas of ... stochastic development, ... and criticality, all deserve investigation." The present work propose a minimal, but robust, model of evolution of rocky coasts towards fractality.The model describes how a stationary fractal geometry can arises spontaneously from the mutual selfstabilization of coast morphology and sea eroding power [6]. If, on one hand, erosion generally increases the geometrical irregularity of the coast, on the other hand this increase creates a stronger damping of the sea and a consequent diminution of its eroding power. The increased damping argument relies on the studies of fractal acoustical cavities, which have shown that viscous damping is augmented on a longer, irregular, surface [7,8]. In the following, a minimal two-dimensional model of erosion is introduced which leads to the spontaneous evolution of a smooth seashore towards fractality as shown in Fig. 1.Rocky coasts erosion is the product of marine and atmospheric causes [9]. There exist many different erosion processes: wave quarrying, abrasion, wetting and drying, frost shattering, thermal expansion, salt water corrosion, carbonation, hydrolysis. A simplified picture is used here by assuming that the different processes can be separated into two categories: "rapid" mechanical erosion (namely wave quarrying) and "slow" chemical weakening. The justification is that mechanical erosion generally occurs rapidly, mainly during storms, after rock has been al- tered and weakened by the slow weathering processes. We first study the supposedly rapid erosion mechanisms. Then we show that the full complex dynamics, involving fast and slow processes, build a dynamic equilibrium that preserves the fractal shape of the coast.The sea, t...

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confidence: 99%

“…In that sense fractal geometry plays the role of a statistical attractor. In the language of coastal studies [17], the system state evolves through a dynamical equilibrium where small perturbations (even without special trigger events) may stimulate large fluctuations and avalanche dynamics. This is due to the underlying criticality of percolation systems.…”

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confidence: 99%

Self-Stabilized Fractality of Seacoasts through Damped Erosion

2004

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“…Hasil analisis regresi memperlihatkan bahwa faktor internal, eksternal, dan perilaku berkontribusi positif terhadap kepuasan Peningkatan kompetensi nelayan dalam mengelola wisata bahari secara profesional dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan sistem. Sebuah sistem terdiri atas tiga komponen sub sistem sebagaimana dikemukakan oleh Haslett (2000) yaitu sub sistem masukan (input), proses (process), dan luaran (output). Komponen masukan terdiri atas sumber daya manusia, sumber daya alam, sarana dan prasarana pendukung (Gambar 1).…”

Section: Hasil Analisisunclassified

Perilaku Nelayan Dalam Pengelolaan Wisata Bahari Di Kawasan Pantai Lovina, Buleleng, Bali

Amanah¹,

Utami²

2006

Jupen

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Fishermen living around the Lovina Beach Tourism PendahuluanMasyarakat pesisir khususnya nelayan sangat bergantung pada pemanfaatan pesisir dan laut. Salah satu upaya pemanfaatan potensi sumber daya pesisir dan laut adalah untuk jasa wisata bahari.Terdapat tiga alasan utama yang mendukung kawasan pesisir menjadi lokasi wisata. Pertama, terdapat beragam ekosistem yang saling berkaitan di wilayah pesisir, seperti hutan mangrove, pantai berpasir, padang lamun, dan terumbu karang. Kedua, permintaan akan pariwisata pesisir mengalami peningkatan dari tahun ke tahun. Ketiga, di negara kepulauan seperti Indonesia, pariwisata pesisir merupakan andalan utama.Kawasan Wisata Pantai Lovina di Kabupaten Buleleng, Bali dikembangkan sejak tahun 1970-an oleh Panji Tisna. Kata Lovina merupakan kependekan dari Love Indonesia, dan lokasi Pantai Lovina adalah 10 km di sebelah Barat Singaraja.Kondisi lingkungan pesisir yang masih asri, tenang, dan indah, serta tersedianya sarana dan prasarana penunjang yang lengkap meliputi penginapan, rumah sakit, kantor pos, warung telekomunikasi, dan warung internet, membuat wilayah Lovina diminati wisatawan mancanegara terutama dari Eropa.Beberapa jasa wisata di Pantai Lovina adalah wisata keindahan kawasan pesisir, scuba diving, melihat lumba-lumba (cruising) dan memancing. Nelayan ambil bagian dalam wisata bahari terutama penyewaan perahu.

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“…Masson, 1996;Ward and Day, 2001). DEFRA (2005) do evaluate and discount the recent theory proposing the catastrophic Bristol Channel flood of 1607-in which it is thought 2000 people died-was caused by a tsunami Haslett, 2003, 2007;Haslett andBryant, 2005, 2007a) rather than a storm (Horsburgh and Horritt, 2006). However, the tsunami risk in Britain is not considered beyond a few events (e.g.…”

Section: Evaluated the Threat Posed Bymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent example occurred at Beachy Head, a chalk cliff on the Sussex coast, which collapsed in January 1999, bringing down with it a conservatively estimated 60 m high and 15 m thick slab of chalk comprising 150 000 m 3 of rock (Haslett, 2000;Mortimore and Duperret, 2004). When compared to the volume of slumps that have generated tsunami elsewhere, such as a 13 000 m 3 slump that generated a 0.4 m high tsunami in Monterey Bay (USA) in 1989 (Ma et al, 1991), then it is conceivable that a submarine slump in the Dover Straits approaching the proportions to that of the Beachy Head failure may generate locally a significantly higher tsunami.…”

Section: Possibility Of Submarine Slidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historic tsunami in Britain since AD 1000: a review

Haslett

Bryant

2008

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The British coast is not considered at particular risk from tsunami, a view that is supported by a number of recent government reports. However, these reports largely ignore some written historic records that suggest southern Britain has experienced a number of events over the past 1000 yrs. This study briefly assesses these records and recognises four groups of events: 1) sea disturbance and coastal floods in southeast England linked to earthquakes in the Dover Straits (e.g. 1382 and 1580), 2) far-field tsunami reaching the coast of the British Isles, for example, from earthquakes along the Azores-Gibraltar Fault Zone offshore Portugal (e.g. 1755), 3) tsunami associated with near-coastal low magnitude earthquakes (e.g. 1884 and 1892), and 4) a flood event in AD 1014 that has been linked to comet debris impact. The seismogenic events range from minor water disturbance, through seismic seiching, to small and "giant" waves, suggesting near-coastal, low-magnitude, shallow earthquakes may be capable of triggering disturbance in relatively shallow water, as supported by similar occurrences elsewhere, and that the British tsunami risk requires a more careful evaluation.

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Coastal Systems

Cited by 47 publications

References 0 publications

Self-Stabilized Fractality of Seacoasts through Damped Erosion

Self-Stabilized Fractality of Seacoasts through Damped Erosion

Perilaku Nelayan Dalam Pengelolaan Wisata Bahari Di Kawasan Pantai Lovina, Buleleng, Bali

Historic tsunami in Britain since AD 1000: a review

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