Coating of polyelectrolyte multilayer thin films on nanofibrous scaffolds to improve cell adhesion

Abstract

The adhesion of L929 cells to poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibers was successfully improved via coating with polyelectrolyte multilayer thin films (PEMs), which enhanced the potential of this material as a scaffold in tissue engineering applications. With the electrostatic self-assembly technique, poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) and poly(sodium 4-styrene sulfonate) (PSS) were formed as four-bilayer PEMs on electrospun PCL nanofiber mats. Because PDADMAC and PSS are strong polyelectrolytes, they provided stable films with good adhesion on the fibers within a wide pH range suitable for the subsequent processes and conditions. PDADMAC and gelatin were also constructed as four-bilayer PEMs on top of the PDADMAC-and PSS-coated nanofibers with the expectation that the gelatin would improve the cell adhesion. L929 cells from mouse fibroblasts were then seeded on both uncoated and coated scaffolds to study the cytocompatibility and in vitro cell behavior. It was revealed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay that both the uncoated and coated nanofiber mats were nontoxic as the cell viability was comparable to that of those cultured in the serum-free medium that was used as a control. The MTT assay also demonstrated that cells proliferated more efficiently on the coated nanofibers than those on the uncoated ones during the 48-h culture period. As observed by scanning electron microscopy, the cells spread well on the coated nanofibers, especially when gelatin was incorporated. The surface modification of PCL nanofiber mats described in this research is therefore an effective technique for improving cell adhesion.

Influences of surface chemistry and swelling of salt-treated polyelectrolyte multilayers on migration of smooth muscle cells

“…For example, gelatin was coated on the PSS/PDADMAC multilayers-modified nanofibres to improve L929 mouse fibroblast adhesion [34]. The PSS/PDADMAC multilayers also are used to regulate primary hepatocytes, which prefer to attach and spread on PSS but not on the PDADMAC surface, in a protein-free medium [2,35].…”

Fabrication of thermoplastic ductile films of chitin butyrate/poly(ɛ-caprolactone) blends and their cytocompatibility

“…Meanwhile, poly(-caprolactone) (PCL), approved as biodegradable and biocompatible polyester, has high ductility, but its poor hydrophilicity, slow degradation kinetics, and no natural cell recognition sites greatly restrict its application in the biomedical field (Prabhakaran et al, 2008). Various kinds of physicochemical and surface modification techniques have been used to overcome these shortcomings (Dubas, Kittitheeranun, Rangkupan, Sanchavanakit, & Potiyaraj, 2009;He et al, 2012;Jeong et al, 2008;Zhu, Gao, Liu, & Shen, 2002). Even though PCL has attracted interest as a blending partner of chitinous (Chen, Sun, & Ren, 2005;Honma, Senda, & Inoue, 2003;Sarasam & Madihally, 2005;Senda, He, & Inoue, 2002;Wan, In the present study, we examined the feasibility of using chitin butyrate (ChB, N = 4)/PCL (50/50 in weight) based films prepared by hot-pressing as a thermoplastic flexible cell scaffold system.…”

Chitosan surface modification of fully interconnected 3D porous poly(ε-caprolactone) by the LbL approach

“…Although poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) and polyanion poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) are not known as biodegradable polyelectrolytes, they have been used as LbL components for tissue engineering in-vitro studies [23e25]. A qualitative study has investigated the LbL surface deposition of these polyelectrolytes on PCL nanofiber films [26]. Also, due to the fact that the PCL film is only weakly charged at the surface, this previous study lacks solid proof of the efficiency of the depositions.…”