Cobalt production and markets: A brief overview

Kapusta, Joël P. T.

doi:10.1007/s11837-006-0198-2

Cited by 30 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Instead, cobalt products are subdivided into "cobalt metal" and "cobalt chemicals" (Baylis, 2012). Since the main product characteristics of cobalt metal and nickel class I (metal content greater than 99%) and their possible shapes (cathodes, briquettes, powder) (Kapusta, 2006) are similar to each other, due to consistency with the results regarding nickel, subsequently, "cobalt metal" is termed "cobalt class I" anyway. The main applications of cobalt class I are superalloys, hard materials, magnets, high-speed steels, and further alloys (CDI, 2013b).…”

Section: Production Systems For Products Used In Producing Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Investigation of the primary production routes of nickel and cobalt products used for Li-ion batteries

Schmidt

Buchert

Schebek

2016

Resources, Conservation and Recycling

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Section: Production Systems For Products Used In Producing Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Investigation of the primary production routes of nickel and cobalt products used for Li-ion batteries

Schmidt

Buchert

Schebek

2016

Resources, Conservation and Recycling

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“…Manufacturing this catalyst would represent about 1% of total worldwide annual cobalt production (53 635 t/year in 2005 [75]) and about 1% of worldwide annual production of platinum and palladium (~200-220 t/year for each metal). This suggests that the promotion of cobalt FT catalysts with Pt or Pd would not affect to a large extent the price of these metals.…”

Section: Performance and Economics Two Criteria In The Design Of Effmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promotion of Cobalt Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts with Noble Metals: a Review

Diehl¹,

Khodakov²

2008

Oil & Gas Science and Technology - Rev. IFP

167

109

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Résumé-Promotion par les métaux nobles de catalyseurs Fischer-Tropsch à base de cobalt : une revue -La synthèse Fischer-Tropsch est une part essentielle du procédé XTL (X-To-Liquids, avec X = Gaz, Biomasse ou Charbon) qui convertit du gaz de synthèse en hydrocarbures pour carburants propres. Les catalyseurs à base de cobalt supportés sur des oxydes inorganiques constituent le meilleur compromis pour la production de paraffines à longues chaînes carbonées et de cires. L'efficacité du procédé FischerTropsch dépend très fortement de la performance du catalyseur à base de cobalt. La promotion de ce catalyseur par des métaux précieux peut très fortement améliorer ses performances. Cet article fait la revue des différents effets des métaux nobles sur la structure et la performance de catalyseurs à base de cobalt. Les impacts sur le coût et l'activité des catalyseurs apparaissent comme des éléments incontournables dans le design de catalyseurs performants pour la synthèse Fischer-Tropsch. (X-To-Liquids, with X = Gas, Biomass or Coal) Abstract -Promotion of Cobalt Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts with Noble Metals: a Review -FischerTropsch synthesis is a major part of XTL

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“…If, as assumed above, chemical reactions are fast compared with the diffusion rate, local equilibrium is reached at the interface, where concentrations are related through Equation (1). Thus, in the steady state, J fbl = J m = J, and by combining Equations (1), (2) and 4, the following flux expression can be obtained:…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 1 ]. Due to its industrial significance, cobalt production has grown steadily over the last two decades, from 56,635 tonsin 2005 [ 2 ] to 124,344 tonsin 2018 [ 3 ], leading to both the decrease of primary cobalt resources and the increase in cobaltwaste.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pertraction of Co(II) through Novel Ultrasound Prepared Supported Liquid Membranes Containing D2EHPA. Optimization and Transport Parameters

et al. 2020

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Pertraction of Co(II) through novel supported liquid membranes prepared by ultrasound, using bis-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid as carrier, sulfuric acid as stripping agent and a counter-transport mechanism, is studied in this paper. Supported liquid membrane characterization through scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy shows the impregnation of the microporous polymer support by the membrane phase by the action of ultrasound. The effect on the initial flux of Co(II) of different experimental conditions is analyzed to optimize the transport process. At these optimal experimental conditions (feed phase pH 6, 0.5 M sulfuric acid in product phase, carrier concentration 0.65 M in membrane phase and stirring speed of 300 rpm in both phases) supported liquid membrane shows great stability. From the relation between the inverse of Co(II) initial permeability and the inverse of the square of carrier concentration in the membrane phase, in the optimized experimental conditions, the transport resistance due to diffusion through both the aqueous feed boundary layer (3.7576 × 104 s·m−1) and the membrane phase (1.1434 × 1010 s·m−1), the thickness of the aqueous feed boundary layer (4.0206 × 10−6 m) and the diffusion coefficient of the Co(II)-carrier in the bulk membrane (4.0490 × 10−14 m2·s−1), have been determined.

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Cobalt production and markets: A brief overview

Cited by 30 publications

References 2 publications

Investigation of the primary production routes of nickel and cobalt products used for Li-ion batteries

Investigation of the primary production routes of nickel and cobalt products used for Li-ion batteries

Promotion of Cobalt Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts with Noble Metals: a Review

Pertraction of Co(II) through Novel Ultrasound Prepared Supported Liquid Membranes Containing D2EHPA. Optimization and Transport Parameters

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