Promotion of Cobalt Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts with Noble Metals: a Review

Diehl, Fabrice; Khodakov, Andreï Y.

doi:10.2516/ogst:2008040

Cited by 167 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…This decrease in C 5+ selectivity is parallel to an increase in methane selectivity from 5% at the beginning of the reaction to 23% at the end of the test. Again, these results are in good agreement with those reported for similar catalysts in similar conditions [17,20,21].…”

Section: Catalytic Propertiessupporting

confidence: 92%

Development of an Innovative XRD-DRIFTS Prototype AllowingOperandoCharacterizations during Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis over Cobalt-Based Catalysts under Representative Conditions

Scalbert

Clémençon

Legens

et al. 2014

Oil Gas Sci. Technol. – Rev. IFP Energies nouvelles

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Cet article fait partie du dossier thématique ci-dessous publié dans la revue OGST, Vol. 70, n°2, et téléchargeable ici D o s s i e rOil & Gas Science and Technology -Rev. IFP Energies nouvelles, Vol. 70 (2015), No. 3, Copyright © 2015, IFP Energies nouvelles > Editorial -Towards the Laboratory of the Future for the Factory of the FutureÉditorial -Vers le laboratoire du futur pour construire l'usine du futur Abstract -An original system combining both X-Ray Diffraction and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy was developed with the aim to characterize Fischer-Tropsch catalysts in relevant reaction conditions. The catalytic properties of a model PtCo/silica catalyst tested with this prototype have shown to be in the same range of those obtained in similar conditions with classical fixed-bed reactors. No bulk cobalt oxidation nor sintering were observed on operando XRD patterns. The formation of linear carbonyls and adsorbed hydrocarbons species at the surface of the catalyst was observed on operando DRIFT spectra. The surface of the catalyst was also suspected to be covered with carbon species inducing unfavorable changes in selectivity.Re´sume´-De´veloppement d'un prototype DRX-DRIFTS innovant permettant des caracte´risations operando de catalyseurs a`base de cobalt pendant la synthe`se de Fischer-Tropsch en conditions repre´sentatives -Un syste`me original combinant diffraction des rayons X et spectroscopie infrarouge a`re´flexion diffuse a e´te´de´veloppe´dans le but de caracte´riser des catalyseurs de Fischer-Tropsch dans des conditions re´actionnelles pertinentes. Les proprie´te´s catalytiques d'un catalyseur mode`le de type PtCo/silice teste´avec ce prototype e´taient similaires a`celles obtenues dans des conditions e´quivalentes avec des re´acteurs classiques a`lit fixe. Ni oxydation du cobalt ni frittage n'ont e´te´observe´s sur les diagrammes de diffraction operando. La formation de carbonyles line´aires et d'hydrocarbures adsorbe´s a`la surface du catalyseur a e´te´observe´e sur les spectres DRIFT operando. La formation d'espe`ces carbone´es a`la surface du catalyseur est soupc¸onne´e d'induire des changements de´favorables au niveau de la se´lectivite´.

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Section: Catalytic Propertiessupporting

confidence: 92%

Development of an Innovative XRD-DRIFTS Prototype AllowingOperandoCharacterizations during Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis over Cobalt-Based Catalysts under Representative Conditions

Scalbert

Clémençon

Legens

et al. 2014

Oil Gas Sci. Technol. – Rev. IFP Energies nouvelles

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“…6 It has been postulated this could include intimate contact between the two metals modifying the local band structure, ensemble type geometric effects, prevention of deactivation by carbonaceous deposits, and improvement in the reducibility of cobalt. 7,8,9,10,11 Interestingly for the present work, in a series of papers on Pd-Co sol-gel catalysts for CO hydrogenation, palladium is postulated to produce hydrogen that both facilitates cobalt reduction and participates in the reaction. 12,13,14 Considerable attempts have also been made using aberration corrected STEM (Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy) to establish the possible role of precious metals in these reactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Combining in Situ NEXAFS Spectroscopy and CO₂ Methanation Kinetics To Study Pt and Co Nanoparticle Catalysts Reveals Key Insights into the Role of Platinum in Promoted Cobalt Catalysis

et al. 2014

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“…It is industrial practice to add a metal promoter that enhances the degree of reduction and maintains a targeted dispersion [7,8]. The literature provides no solid evidence that such metal promoters are able to enhance reaction rates or surface concentration of intermediates.…”

Section: Catalyst Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Deactivation and Regeneration of Commercial Type Fischer-Tropsch Co-Catalysts—A Mini-Review

2015

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Deactivation of commercially relevant cobalt catalysts for Low Temperature Fischer-Tropsch (LTFT) synthesis is discussed with a focus on the two main long-term deactivation mechanisms proposed: Carbon deposits covering the catalytic surface and re-oxidation of the cobalt metal. There is a great variety in commercial, demonstration or pilot LTFT operations in terms of reactor systems employed, catalyst formulations and process conditions. Lack of sufficient data makes it difficult to correlate the deactivation mechanism with the actual process and catalyst design. It is well known that long term catalyst deactivation is sensitive to the conditions the actual catalyst experiences in the reactor. Therefore, great care should be taken during start-up, shutdown and upsets to monitor and control process variables such as reactant concentrations, pressure and temperature which greatly affect deactivation mechanism and rate. Nevertheless, evidence so far shows that carbon deposition is the main long-term deactivation mechanism for most LTFT operations. It is intriguing that some reports indicate a low deactivation rate for multi-channel micro-reactors. In situ rejuvenation and regeneration of Co catalysts are economically necessary for extending their life to several years. The review covers information from open sources, but with a particular focus on patent literature.

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Promotion of Cobalt Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts with Noble Metals: a Review

Cited by 167 publications

References 67 publications

Development of an Innovative XRD-DRIFTS Prototype AllowingOperandoCharacterizations during Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis over Cobalt-Based Catalysts under Representative Conditions

Development of an Innovative XRD-DRIFTS Prototype AllowingOperandoCharacterizations during Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis over Cobalt-Based Catalysts under Representative Conditions

Combining in Situ NEXAFS Spectroscopy and CO₂ Methanation Kinetics To Study Pt and Co Nanoparticle Catalysts Reveals Key Insights into the Role of Platinum in Promoted Cobalt Catalysis

Deactivation and Regeneration of Commercial Type Fischer-Tropsch Co-Catalysts—A Mini-Review

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Promotion of Cobalt Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts with Noble Metals: a Review

Cited by 167 publications

References 67 publications

Development of an Innovative XRD-DRIFTS Prototype AllowingOperandoCharacterizations during Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis over Cobalt-Based Catalysts under Representative Conditions

Development of an Innovative XRD-DRIFTS Prototype AllowingOperandoCharacterizations during Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis over Cobalt-Based Catalysts under Representative Conditions

Combining in Situ NEXAFS Spectroscopy and CO2 Methanation Kinetics To Study Pt and Co Nanoparticle Catalysts Reveals Key Insights into the Role of Platinum in Promoted Cobalt Catalysis

Deactivation and Regeneration of Commercial Type Fischer-Tropsch Co-Catalysts—A Mini-Review

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Combining in Situ NEXAFS Spectroscopy and CO₂ Methanation Kinetics To Study Pt and Co Nanoparticle Catalysts Reveals Key Insights into the Role of Platinum in Promoted Cobalt Catalysis