Cobalt recovery from spent Li-ion batteries using lactic acid as dissolution agent

Santhosh, G.; Nayaka, G.P.

doi:10.1016/j.clet.2021.100122

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…When adding soft Lewis base ligands, covalent interactions between the ligand donor atom and the metal ion replaced the coordinated water molecule, thus leading to an increase in their separation. , Among numerous Lewis bases, LA emerged as an inexpensive, renewable, and resource-derived chemical feedstock, and it is a familiar complexing agent for separations of rare earths . Additionally, it has been widely used to increase the rate of dissolution during leaching of LIBs . Therefore, it was worthwhile to study the effects of LA on extraction and separation of Ni and Co.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inhibition Role of Solvation on the Selective Extraction of Co(II): Toward Eco-Friendly Separation of Ni and Co

Yuan

Wen

Ning

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Ternary cathodes account for more than half of the market share for lithium-ion battery cathodes, and recycling draws considerable attention. The traditional extraction process used to separate and recover Co and Ni from spent ternary cathode leachates produces a large amount of saline wastewater; thus, a green method is urgently needed. In this work, we underscore the crucial role played by metal solvation during extraction, and this provides a new perspective for achieving green separation. The extraction mechanism can be described as follows: metal cations M 2+ (M−Ni and Co) generate stable hydrated ions M(H 2 O) 6 2+ upon solvation. However, Ni(H 2 O) 6 2+ and Co(H 2 O) 6 2+ exhibit different activities in reactions with acidic extractants (HA) and form different complexes, NiA 2 •2H 2 O and CoA 2 , respectively.Correspondingly, the coordinated water increases the electron density and steric hindrance of the center metal ions and thus inhibits the subsequent extraction. Therefore, a means of reducing solvation (adding lactic acid) was developed, and this approach exhibited good performance. The separation factor was improved by a factor of 192. These results open a new avenue for high-performance selective extraction of Co, which features a green recovery process and is suitable for future use in industrial production.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 Additionally, it has been widely used to increase the rate of dissolution during leaching of LIBs. 48 Therefore, it was worthwhile to study the effects of LA on extraction and separation of Ni and Co.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition Role of Solvation on the Selective Extraction of Co(II): Toward Eco-Friendly Separation of Ni and Co

Yuan

Wen

Ning

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…Ascorbic acid behaves as a vinylogous carboxylic acid and a mild reducing agent and consequently may be used as both leaching and reducing agent [59,60]. As reported by Santhosh & Nayaka (2021), the extraction of Co and Li increased as ascorbic acid was used combined with lactic acid (leaching agent) [61].…”

Section: Organic Acid Leachingmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The authors separated Al foils from NMC type cathode using C 5 H 14 ClNO and C 3 H 8 O 3 at 180 • C. According to Wang et al ( 2019), there are more potential applications on an industrial scale for Li-ion battery recycling than ionic liquids-low cost, high efficiency, and low toxicity [130]. At the same conditions and using C 5 H 14 ClNO [132], which is not observed in acid leaching by inorganic [42] or organic acids [61]. So, the separation of Al and Cu foils is essential for recycling by DES before cathode leaching.…”

Section: Deep Eutectic Solventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cobalt Recovery from Li-Ion Battery Recycling: A Critical Review

Botelho

Stopić

Friedrich

et al. 2021

Metals

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The increasing demand for Li-ion batteries for electric vehicles sheds light upon the Co supply chain. The metal is crucial to the cathode of these batteries, and the leading global producer is the D.R. Congo (70%). For this reason, it is considered critical/strategic due to the risk of interruption of supply in the short and medium term. Due to the increasing consumption for the transportation market, the batteries might be considered a secondary source of Co. The outstanding amount of spent batteries makes them to a core of urban mining warranting special attention. Greener technologies for Co recovery are necessary to achieve sustainable development. As a result of these sourcing challenges, this study is devoted to reviewing the techniques for Co recovery, such as acid leaching (inorganic and organic), separation (solvent extraction, ion exchange resins, and precipitation), and emerging technologies—ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvent, supercritical fluids, nanotechnology, and biohydrometallurgy. A dearth of research in emerging technologies for Co recovery from Li-ion batteries is discussed throughout the manuscript within a broader overview. The study is strictly connected to the Sustainability Development Goals (SDG) number 7, 8, 9, and 12.

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“…As usual, before producing the recrystallized particles, undissolved residue was removed simply by using a syringe filter. [21][22][23] Similarly, it has been reported to remove undissolved impurities by using a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) syringe filter to synthesize efficient Cs 3 MnBr 5 phosphors through eco-friendly solution-based crystallization methods. [24][25][26] These undissolved impurities, such as manganese oxide or manganese hydroxiderelated particles, may be produced by slow oxidation reaction in the process of dissolving MnBr 2 salt in the distilled water, [27] or may be originally contained in MnBr 2 reactants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of SiN_x Nanopore Filters Using Combined Process of Nanoimprint and Dual‐Side Aligned Photolithography for Purified Cs₃MnBr₅ Green Phosphors

Kim

Park

et al. 2022

Adv Materials Technologies

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A combined process of nanoimprint lithography and dual‐side aligned photolithography to address misalignment of subsequent layers for the fabrication of SiNx nanoporous membrane filters (SiNx nanofilter) is suggested. Here, in one process, 21 SiNx nanofilter chips are fabricated on a 6 inch Si wafer by aligning nanopore area of nanofilter and template area of nanofilter chip. An SiNx nanofilter chip‐integrated fluidic device is used to test the purification ability of the nanofilter in terms of its pore size and surface hydrophobicity or hydrophilicity. This is the first attempt at separating unnecessary chemical residues from a mixed reactant solution by nanoscale purification process using the tremendous number of nanoholes in the nanofilter. After purification by the nanofilter, high efficiency and narrow‐band Cs3MnBr5 phosphor is synthesized by evaporative crystallization. Here, the photoluminescent quantum yield (PLQY) of the purified Cs3MnBr5 phosphor is monitored to evaluate the purification ability of the SiNx nanofilter. The highest PLQY (53%) of Cs3MnBr5 green phosphors is obtained by purification of reactant solution using nanofilter with 50 nm nanopore diameter and hydrophilic surface. This combined process proves its potential for scalable manufacturing of complex designed SiNx nanofilter chips for chemical species sieving and other applications.

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Cobalt recovery from spent Li-ion batteries using lactic acid as dissolution agent

Cited by 18 publications

References 26 publications

Inhibition Role of Solvation on the Selective Extraction of Co(II): Toward Eco-Friendly Separation of Ni and Co

Inhibition Role of Solvation on the Selective Extraction of Co(II): Toward Eco-Friendly Separation of Ni and Co

Cobalt Recovery from Li-Ion Battery Recycling: A Critical Review

Fabrication of SiN_x Nanopore Filters Using Combined Process of Nanoimprint and Dual‐Side Aligned Photolithography for Purified Cs₃MnBr₅ Green Phosphors

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Cobalt recovery from spent Li-ion batteries using lactic acid as dissolution agent

Cited by 18 publications

References 26 publications

Inhibition Role of Solvation on the Selective Extraction of Co(II): Toward Eco-Friendly Separation of Ni and Co

Inhibition Role of Solvation on the Selective Extraction of Co(II): Toward Eco-Friendly Separation of Ni and Co

Cobalt Recovery from Li-Ion Battery Recycling: A Critical Review

Fabrication of SiNx Nanopore Filters Using Combined Process of Nanoimprint and Dual‐Side Aligned Photolithography for Purified Cs3MnBr5 Green Phosphors

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Product

Resources

About

Fabrication of SiN_x Nanopore Filters Using Combined Process of Nanoimprint and Dual‐Side Aligned Photolithography for Purified Cs₃MnBr₅ Green Phosphors