Cobertura nitrogenada como estratégia para reduzir os prejuízos da desfolha em diferentes estádios fenológicos do milho

Sangoi, Luís; Picoli, Gilmar José; Vargas, Vitor Paulo; Vieira, Jefferson; Schmitt, Amauri; Zoldan, Sérgio Roberto; Siega, Eduardo; Carniel, Giovani

doi:10.5433/1679-0359.2014v35n2p671

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The hybrid P30F53YH was higher yielding than P1680YH in the average of nitrogen side-dress fertilization during the growth stages, in both growing seasons. Early hybrids have higher yield potential than very early hybrids because they have a longer period to develop ears and fill the kernels (Sangoi et al, 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Timing and Splitting of Nitrogen Side-Dress Fertilization of Early Corn Hybrids for High Grain Yield

Panison

Sangoi

Durli

et al. 2019

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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Currently, most nitrogen fertilizer is side-dressed when corn is in the four (V4) to eight (V8) expanded leaf stage. However, recent studies have shown that modern hybrids take up high amounts of nitrogen during grain filling. This indicates that a late nitrogen fertilization, at the time of crop flowering, may be important to optimize corn agronomic performance. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the timing and splitting of nitrogen side-dress application on the agronomic performance of early corn hybrids in order to achieve high grain yield. The experiment was set in Lages, Santa Catarina, in the South of Brazil, during the 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 growing seasons. A randomized block design arranged in split plots was used. Two hybrids were tested in the main plots: P1680YH (very early) and P30F53YH (early). Six nitrogen side-dress systems were assessed in the split plots: control (without N), full N rate applied at V5, full N rate applied at V10, 1/2 N rate applied at V5 and 1/2 at V10, 1/3 N rate applied at V5, 1/3 at V10 and 1/3 at VT; and the whole N rate applied at VT. The nitrogen rate was 300 kg ha-1 N. Urea was used as the nitrogen source. Total grain yield and yield components, agronomic nitrogen use efficiency, and leaf area were determined. Grain yield ranged from 6,422 to 15,426 kg ha-1 in 2014/2015 and from 9,283 to 14,986 in 2015/2016. Nitrogen sidedress application performed one time at V5 or V10 or split into two or three applications at different growth stages had similar grain yield, number of ears per plant, kernels per ear, and 1,000 grain dry weight. Nitrogen side-dressed entirely at VT led to higher grain yield than the control. However, grain yield and agronomic nitrogen use efficiency were lower in this treatment than in the treatments involving the other growth stages of side-dress nitrogen. The early hybrid was higher yielding than the very early hybrid, regardless of the timing of nitrogen fertilization. Splitting of nitrogen fertilization up to tasseling was not an effective strategy to increase grain yield and agronomic nitrogen use efficiency of the corn hybrids P30F53YH and P1680YH.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A reduction in leaf area during grain filling decreases interception of solar radiation and crop photosynthetic efficiency (Sangoi et al, 2014). More limited light interception also has a negative impact on the non-structural carbohydrate stem content (Vieira, 2012) and the number of fertilized ovules (Sangoi et al, 2012).…”

Section: P30f53yhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Timing and Splitting of Nitrogen Side-Dress Fertilization of Early Corn Hybrids for High Grain Yield

Panison

Sangoi

Durli

et al. 2019

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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“…Os resultados do presente trabalho são indicativos de que, mesmo havendo um longo período para a planta se recuperar da desfolha, isso não ocorreu de forma efetiva, diferentemente do relatado por outros autores em trabalhos anteriores (Magalhães & Durães, 2006;Pearson & Fletcher, 2009;Pereira et al, 2012;Sangoi et al, 2014). Contudo, no presente trabalho, as médias de produtividade foram superiores às obtidas por esses autores, o que indica que, em lavouras nas quais se almejem altos tetos produtivos, pequenas perdas de área foliar, nos estádios iniciais de desenvolvimento, afetam significativamente a produtividade.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Desenvolvimento e produtividade de grãos de milho submetido a níveis de desfolha

Rezende

Brito

Brandão³

et al. 2015

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência da desfolha do milho no desenvolvimento e na produtividade de grãos. Seis ensaios foram conduzidos em diferentes safras e locais e em dois níveis de produtividade. Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com sete repetições. A desfolha foi realizada no estádio vegetativo V 4 do milho (quatro folhas expandidas), e os tratamentos foram: remoção das duas folhas basais, remoção das quatro folhas expandidas, remoção total das folhas (secção da parte aérea) e testemunha (sem desfolha). Foram avaliados: duração do período vegetativo; e, em pré-colheita, altura de planta, altura de espiga, percentagem de plantas acamadas, força de quebramento de colmo, força de arranquio da planta e produtividade. A remoção das quatro folhas e a remoção total aumentaram a duração do período vegetativo e reduziram a altura de planta, a altura de espiga e a resistência do colmo ao quebramento. Esses níveis de desfolha também reduziram a produtividade, principalmente com a remoção total das folhas. A força de arranquio da planta não foi influenciada pela desfolha. A retirada de quatro folhas e do total das folhas reduz a produtividade de grãos, respectivamente, em 6,25 a 14,05% nos híbridos avaliados.Termos para indexação: Zea mays, área foliar, integridade foliar, período vegetativo, potencial produtivo. Grain development and yield in maize subjected to defoliation levelsAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of defoliation of maize on grain development and yield. Six trials were conducted in different growing seasons and locations and at two yield levels. A randomized complete block design was used, with seven replicates. Defoliation was made at the V 4 vegetative stage of maize (four expanded leaves), and treatments consisted of: removal of the two basal leaves, removal of the four expanded leaves, total removal of leaves (aerial plant section), and a control (without defoliation). The following were evaluated: length of the vegetative period; and, at pre-harvest, plant height, ear insertion height, plant lodging percentage, stalk-breaking strength, force required to pull the plant, and yield. The removal of four leaves and the total removal of leaves increased the length of the vegetative period and reduced plant height, ear insertion height, and stalk strength against breaking. These defoliation levels also reduced yield, mainly with the total removal of leaves. The force required to pull the plant was not influenced by defoliation. Removal of four leaves and of all leaves reduces grain yield, respectively, in 6.25 to 14,05 in the evaluated hybrids.Index terms: Zea mays, leaf area, leaf integrity, vegetative period, yield potential. IntroduçãoO potencial produtivo da cultura do milho (Zea mays L.) é definido por volta dos estádios V 4 e V 5 , de quatro a cinco folhas expandidas, respectivamente, em razão da diferenciação floral (Ritchie et al., 1993). Nesse período, a planta origina os primórdios do pendão e da espiga, e também ocorre a difer...

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“…With the elimination of leaf area, photosynthetic active radiation is not intercepted, hampering photosynthesis (Sangoi et al, 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variance components and association between corn hybrids morpho-agronomic characters

Souza¹,

Baretta²,

Nardino³

et al. 2015

Científica

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The present work aimed at evaluating the canonical correlations between traits of grain yield and morphological traits in maize, in order to verify the associations and interdependence among groups. The experiment was conducted in the agricultural year 2010/2011; consisted of 25 corn hybrids, allocated in five locations of the states of Paraná, Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul. Settled two groups of traits, with Group I comprised agronomic characters of grain yield: grain yield plot, the total weight of grains and weight of hundred grains and the group II formed by morphology: stem diameter , leaf angle , tassel length , number of tassel branches , total leaf area , insertion of the ear , plant height in maize. The first, second and third canonical pair proved significant at the 1% level of probability, using the chi-square test, indicating that the groups are not independent. Hybrids with higher plant height, insertion of ear and leaf angle and fewer branches and tassel length are associated with the increase in weight of hundred grains in maize. To increase the grain weight, should be considered hybrids with greater insertion of the ear, leaf area and shorter length of the tassel. The increase in leaf area, as well as smaller tassel length is related positively to increase grain yield in maize.Additional keywords: associations between characters; multivariate analysis; Zea mays L. ResumoO presente trabalho objetivou avaliar as correlações canônicas entre caracteres que compõem o rendimento de grãos e caracteres morfológicos em milho, visando a verificar as associações e a interdependência entre os grupos. O experimento foi conduzido no ano agrícola de 2010/2011, compreendido por 25 híbridos simples de milho, alocados em cinco locais dos Estados do Paraná, Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Estabeleceram-se dois grupos de caracteres, sendo o grupo I formado por caracteres agronômicos que compõem o rendimento de grãos: rendimento de grãos da parcela (RG), massa total de grãos da espiga (MG) e massa de cem grãos (MCG), e o grupo II formado por caracteres morfológicos: diâmetro do colmo (DC), ângulo de folha (AF), comprimento do pendão (CP), número de ramificações do pendão (NR), área foliar total (AFT), altura da inserção da espiga (AE) e altura de planta (AP) em milho. O primeiro, o segundo e o terceiro pares canônicos revelaram-se significativos a nível de 1% de probabilidade, pelo teste qui-quadrado, indicando que os grupos não são independentes. Híbridos com maiores altura de plantas, de inserção de espiga e ângulo foliar e menor número de ramificações e comprimento do pendão estão associados com o incremento da massa de cem grãos em milho. Para incremento de massa de grãos, devem ser considerados híbridos com maior altura da inserção da espiga, área foliar e menor comprimento do pendão. O aumento da área foliar, assim como menor comprimento do pendão, está relacionado favoravelmente para o aumento do rendimento de grãos em milho.Palavras-chave adicionais: análise multivariada; associações ...

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Cobertura nitrogenada como estratégia para reduzir os prejuízos da desfolha em diferentes estádios fenológicos do milho

Cited by 11 publications

References 7 publications

Timing and Splitting of Nitrogen Side-Dress Fertilization of Early Corn Hybrids for High Grain Yield

Timing and Splitting of Nitrogen Side-Dress Fertilization of Early Corn Hybrids for High Grain Yield

Desenvolvimento e produtividade de grãos de milho submetido a níveis de desfolha

Variance components and association between corn hybrids morpho-agronomic characters

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