Cocirculation of 2 Genotypes of Toscana Virus, Southeastern France

Charrel, Rémi N.; Izri, Arezki; Temmam, Sarah; Delaunay, Pascal; Toga, I.; Dumon, H.; Marty, Pierre; Lamballerie, Xavier de; Parola, Philippe

doi:10.3201/eid1303.061086

Cited by 87 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This rate was calculated using two RT-nested-PCR assays that are commonly used in such studies (31,32). It was confirmed by using two real-time RT-PCR assays specifically designed for ADAV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pools of sand flies were ground in 600 l of Eagle minimal essential medium (EMEM) (supplemented with 7% fetal bovine serum, 1% penicillin-streptomycin, and 1% [200 mM] L-glutamine) in the presence of a 3-mm tungsten bead using a Mixer Mill MM300 (Qiagen, Courtaboeuf, France) (30). A 200-l aliquot was used for viral nucleic acid (NA) extraction with the BioRobot EZ1-XL Advanced (Qiagen) using the Virus Extraction minikit (Qiagen) and eluted in 90 l. Five microliters of this solution was used for reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and nested-PCR assays with primers targeting the polymerase gene and the nucleoprotein gene using protocols previously described (31,32). PCR products of the expected size were column purified (Amicon ultracentrifugal filters; Millipore) and directly sequenced.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isolation, Genetic Characterization, and Seroprevalence of Adana Virus, a Novel Phlebovirus Belonging to the Salehabad Virus Complex, in Turkey

Alkan

Alwassouf

Piorkowski

et al. 2015

J Virol

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A new phlebovirus, Adana virus, was isolated from a pool of Phlebotomus spp. (Diptera; Psychodidae) in the province of Adana, in the Mediterranean region of Turkey. Genetic analysis based on complete coding of genomic sequences indicated that Adana virus belongs to the Salehabad virus species of the genus Phlebovirus in the family Bunyaviridae. Adana virus is the third virus of the Salehabad virus species for which the complete sequence has been determined. To understand the epidemiology of Adana virus, a seroprevalence study using microneutralization assay was performed to detect the presence of specific antibodies in human and domestic animal sera collected in Adana as well as Mersin province, located 147 km west of Adana. The results demonstrate that the virus is present in both provinces. High seroprevalence rates in goats, sheep, and dogs support intensive exposure to Adana virus in the region, which has not been previously reported for any virus included in the Salehabad serocomplex; however, low seroprevalence rates in humans suggest that Adana virus is not likely to constitute an important public health problem in exposed human populations, but this deserves further studies. IMPORTANCE Until recently, in the genus

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation, Genetic Characterization, and Seroprevalence of Adana Virus, a Novel Phlebovirus Belonging to the Salehabad Virus Complex, in Turkey

Alkan

Alwassouf

Piorkowski

et al. 2015

J Virol

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“…Over a 4-night period in July 2006, a total of 460 sandfl ies were trapped as described (12). Trapping was performed at Larbaa Nath Iraten (previously known as Fort National) in the Kabylian region of Algeria, near Tizi Ouzout ( Figure 1).…”

Section: The Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sandfly Fever Sicilian Virus, Algeria

Izri

Temmam

Moureau

et al. 2008

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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To determine whether sandfl y fever Sicilian virus (SFSV) is present in Algeria, we tested sandfl ies for phlebovirus RNA. A sequence closely related to that of SFSV was detected in a Phlebotomus ariasi sandfl y. Of 60 human serum samples, 3 contained immunoglobulin G against SFSV. These data suggest SFSV is present in Algeria.R ecent attention has been drawn to Toscana virus (family Bunyaviridae, genus Phlebovirus, species Sandfl y fever Naples virus) in countries surrounding the Mediterranean because the virus causes meningitis during summer. Sandfl y fever Sicilian virus (SFSV) is a distinct arthropodborne phlebovirus transmitted by sandfl ies, specifi cally by Phlebotomus papatasi (1). It was discovered in Italy (Palerma, Sicilia), where it affected troops of the World War II Allied Army Forces after the Sicily landings in 1943. SFSV infection produces a febrile illness during the warm season; in contrast with Toscana virus infection, SFSV infection is not associated with neurologic manifestations.Human cases of SFSV infection have been reported from Italy, Egypt, Pakistan, Iran, and Cyprus (1,2). Seroprevalence studies performed with human or vertebrate serum indicate that SFSV, or a closely related virus, is circulating in Jordan (3), Israel (4), Sudan (5), Tunisia (6), Pakistan (7), Egypt (8), Bangladesh (9), and Iran (10). The most comprehensive study, initiated by Tesh et al. (11), did not fi nd neutralizing antibodies reactive to SFSV in human serum from the Algerian populations of Tamanrasset and Djanet. Therefore, at the outset of this study, no evidence or data suggested the presence of SFSV in Algeria. The StudyOver a 4-night period in July 2006, a total of 460 sandfl ies were trapped as described (12). Trapping was performed at Larbaa Nath Iraten (previously known as Fort National) in the Kabylian region of Algeria, near Tizi Ouzout (Figure 1). CDC Miniature Light Traps were adapted for sandfl y capture by using an ultrafi ne mesh. Traps were hung 1-2 m above ground. They were placed during late afternoon in or near animal housing facilities (chickens, rabbits, goats, horses). Each morning, sandfl ies were collected, identifi ed morphologically, and placed in 1.5-mL microfuge tubes. Captured sandfl ies belonged to 7 species: P. perniciosus (n = 364), P. longicuspis (n = 61), P. sergenti (n = 21), P. ariasi (n = 6), P. perfi liewi (n = 3), P. papatasi (n = 1), and Sergentomyia minuta (n = 1). They were organized into 24 pools, each containing up to 30 sandfl ies. Each pool was ground in RNA NOW chaotropic solution (Ozyme, Montigny le Bretonneux, France). RNA purifi cation was performed according to the manufacturer's protocol. A total of 10 μL of RNA suspension was used for reverse transcription with random hexanucleotide primers with the Taqman Reverse Transcription Reagents (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA) in a fi nal volume of 50 μL, according to the manufacturer's recommended protocol. To test these specimens for Toscana virus RNA and phlebovirus RNA, we used 10 μL of cDNA in the prev...

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“…Specific primers for Phleboviruses within the SFNV complex were used to confirm the Fermo virus isolates belonging to Naples serocomplex. 9 Analysis of the variation of nucleotide identities within members of the SFNV complex (e.g., TOSV A and B genotypes, SFNV, and Tehran virus) showed genetic distances ranging from 22.7% to 30.0% (8.4% to 21.0% amino acid similarities) ( Table 2).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Two nested polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) were performed by using degenerated primers specific for regions of the polymerase (large [L]) and nucleoprotein (small [S]) genes. 9,10 Phlebovirus RNA was detected by nested PCR in 7 of 30 pools (6 pools of females and 1 pool of males) and in Vero cells, which showed a cytopathic effect. The overall minimum field infection rate/1,000 insects processed was 7.7 ( Table 1).…”

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confidence: 99%

Viral Isolates of a Novel Putative Phlebovirus in the Marche Region of Italy

Remoli

Fortuna

Marchi

et al. 2014

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Thirty pools from 900 (540 females and 360 males) Phlebotomus perfiliewi sandflies collected during the summer of 2012 in the Fermo area (Marche Region, central Italy) were tested for the presence of Phleboviruses. A nested polymerase chain reaction was performed using degenerated primers amplifying a fragment of the polymerase gene (large segment) and a fragment of the nucleoprotein gene (small segment) of the genus Phlebovirus. One pool was positive for Toscana virus, as expected from results of studies in the area, and six pools were positive for a putative novel Phlebovirus. Virus isolation in Vero cells was performed. Minimum field infection rates/1,000 insects processed for the novel and Toscana viruses were 6.7 and 1.0, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of the novel Phlebovirus, tentatively named Fermo virus, placed it in the Sandfly Fever Naples virus serocomplex.

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Cocirculation of 2 Genotypes of Toscana Virus, Southeastern France

Cited by 87 publications

References 10 publications

Isolation, Genetic Characterization, and Seroprevalence of Adana Virus, a Novel Phlebovirus Belonging to the Salehabad Virus Complex, in Turkey

Isolation, Genetic Characterization, and Seroprevalence of Adana Virus, a Novel Phlebovirus Belonging to the Salehabad Virus Complex, in Turkey

Sandfly Fever Sicilian Virus, Algeria

Viral Isolates of a Novel Putative Phlebovirus in the Marche Region of Italy

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