Coconuts in Miocene turbidites in New Zealand Possible evidence for tsunami origin of some turbidity currents

Ballance, Peter F.; Gregory, Murray R.; Gibson, Graham W.

doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1981)9<592:cimtin>2.0.co;2

Cited by 28 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Active collisional margins like those of Japan and Chile offer those ideal conditions, but tsunami-related turbidites are not known from these regions. An intriguing geological example, however, has been reported from the seismically active accretionary margin of New Zealand, where coconut shells in Miocene turbidites have been postulated to be a likely tsunami effect (Ballance et al, 1981). Although other high-energy processes can conceivably transport normally buoyant littoral debris to such depths (Murty, 1982), it seems likely that the presence of terrestrial debris within turbidity current sediments ought to represent a key criterion by which one may recognize tsunami-induced offshore sediments produced as a result of offsurge tractive flow.…”

Section: Tsunamites Along Tectonically Active Marginsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Bralower et al, 1998;Lawton et al, 2005). Clearly, a key question to be resolved by tsunami studies is how the marine Table 1 Generic diagnostic criteria of offshore palaeotsunami deposits, summarized from the following sources: (1) Ballance et al (1981), (2) Takashimizu and Masuda (2000), (3) Massari and D'Alessandro (2000); (4) Cantalamessa and Di Celma (2005); (5) Le Roux and Vargas (2005); (6) Fujino et al (2006); (7) D. R. Tappin ( pers. comm.…”

Section: Impact-related Tsunamiitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tsunami deposits in the geological record

Dawson

Stewart

2007

Sedimentary Geology

294

192

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Section: Tsunamites Along Tectonically Active Marginsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Impact-related Tsunamiitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tsunami deposits in the geological record

Dawson

Stewart

2007

Sedimentary Geology

294

192

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“…The depositional signatures indicate that tsunami tidal waves struck the area. Dawson and Stewart (2007) summarized generic diagnostic criteria of offshore palaeo-tsunami deposits from different sources (Table 6; Ballance et al 1981 (Salem 2000) and Di Celma 2005; Le Roux and Vargas 2005;Fujino et al 2006;D. R. Tappin, personal communication).…”

Section: Geophysical Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleo-Tsunami deposits on the Red Sea beach, Egypt

Salem

2009

Arab J Geosci

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The characteristics of the recent tsunami deposits threw light on some sources of deposition on the beach of the Red Sea. The studied area is delineated by latitudes 25°6′ N and 25°9′ N and longitudes 34°50′ E and 34°53′ E; it covers an elongate area of about 12 km 2 along the Red Sea coast, North Marsa Alam City (4 km). The area is bounded by Wadi Asalay to the north and Wadi Sifayn from the south. For evaluation of the area, a lot of information allows us to interpret the conditions prevailing during deposition of the sediments especially at the coast. To achieve the target, five wells were drilled to study core samples, well logging measurements, and 69 vertical electrical sounding stations were carried out. The studied area and adjacent areas were geologically surveyed to note geological features related to Paleo-earthquakes. From geological and geophysical studies, the dominant rock types at the western portions of the studied area are sandstone, sandy clay, clay, clayey sandstone, and gravels; at the middle portion of the studied area, the rocks are hard, but the eastern side of the area, especially at the beach of the Red Sea, several cycles of depositions of coral reefs occurred with intercalations of clastic deposits such as clay, sand, sandstone, conglomerate, gravels, pebbles, and a lot of fossils and shell fragments. The rocks are characterized by heterogeneous properties and ill-sorted. The area includes large numbers of faults due to highly tectonism of the area. The results indicated that the area has lateral variation of sediments. The carbonate rocks at the beach contain clastic fragments, and carbonate blocks are included within clastic rocks. With increasing the distance from the beach to the west, the sediments are less heterogeneous. The beach of the Red Sea was subjected to Paleo-tsunami waves due to highly Paleo-seismic activity inside the Red Sea and left their signature in geological column especially at the beach. The observation of some geological features such as Paleo-liquefaction and landslides indicate that the area subjected to strong earthquakes related to rifting of the Red Sea.

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“…Ballance et al (1981) reported finding coconuts in Miocene turbidites and suggested that they may have been transported offshore by tsunamis, the same events that probably triggered the turbidity currents. Fossil forms that normally grew attached to a substrate may occur as disoriented, broken, and abraded individuals or as hydraulically accumulated shell beds, suggesting storm-wave activity.…”

Section: Paleoecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Facies Analysis

Miall¹

2000

Principles of Sedimentary Basin Analysis

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Coconuts in Miocene turbidites in New Zealand Possible evidence for tsunami origin of some turbidity currents

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

Tsunami deposits in the geological record

Tsunami deposits in the geological record

Paleo-Tsunami deposits on the Red Sea beach, Egypt

Facies Analysis

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