Code Approaches to Seismic Design of Masonry-Infilled Reinforced ConcreteFrames: A State-of-the-Art Review

Kaushik, Hemant B.; Durgesh, C.; Jain, Sudhir

doi:10.1193/1.2360907

Cited by 115 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Openings in infills are not looked upon in detail by most seismic codes [37]. Some codes use thumb rules for consideration of openings in masonry infills, for example, according to Eurocode8 [38], only the solid walls or walls with a single door or window opening are assumed to be imparting any significant strength to the structure.…”

Section: Infilled Frames With Openings and Seismic Codesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Masonry Infill RC Frames with Openings: Review of In-plane Lateral Load Behaviour and Modeling Approaches

Surendran

Kaushik²

2012

TOBCTJ

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Un-reinforced masonry walls are commonly used as infills in reinforced concrete (RC) buildings. These buildings have high in-plane stiffness and strength, and therefore, the lateral load behaviour of such RC frames is different than that of the frames without infill walls. Openings in walls significantly reduce the lateral strength and stiffness of RC frames, and alter their failure modes. Past researchers have tried to find out experimentally and analytically the influence of several parameters, like opening size and location, aspect ratio of openings, connection between frame and infill wall, ductile detailing in frame members, material properties, failure modes, etc. on behavior of masonry infill RC frames. Accordingly, several analytical models have been proposed in the literature and seismic codes of some countries to model the stiffness and strength properties of infill walls. Most of the past studies and seismic codes recommend modeling the infills as equivalent diagonal struts, and cross-sectional area of the struts are reduced appropriately to account for openings in the walls. Analytical methods have also been proposed to estimate the possible mode of failure and lateral load carrying capacity of infill frames with and without openings. The current article is intended to review and compare past relevant studies and seismic codes of different countries on in-plane lateral load behaviour and modeling approaches for masonry infill RC frames with openings. The comparative study may help designers and code developers in selecting and recommending suitable analytical models for estimating strength, stiffness, failure modes, and other properties of infill RC frames with openings.

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Section: Infilled Frames With Openings and Seismic Codesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Masonry Infill RC Frames with Openings: Review of In-plane Lateral Load Behaviour and Modeling Approaches

Surendran

Kaushik²

2012

TOBCTJ

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“…Despite large amount of research performed in this field both experimentally and numerically in the last few decades, present seismic codes such as (IS1893 2002) [1] provide limited guidance which may not be adequate for the varying properties of infill. Kaushik (2006) [2] made comparative study among the different seismic codes and found inconsistency in the consideration of infill and reported that most codes do not consider infill due to its brittle nature of failure and lack of adequate information.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling and Analysis of Infilled Frame Structures Under Seismic Loads

Dorji¹,

Thambiratnam²

2009

TOBCTJ

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Abstract:In-filled frame structures are commonly used in buildings, even in those located in seismically active regions. Precent codes unfortunately, do not have adequate guidance for treating the modelling, analysis and design of in-filled frame structures. This paper addresses this need and first develops an appropriate technique for modelling the infill-frame interface and then uses it to study the seismic response of in-filled frame structures. Finite element time history analyses under different seismic records have been carried out and the influence of infill strength, openings and soft-storey phenomenon are investigated. Results in terms of tip deflection, fundamental period, inter-storey drift ratio and stresses are presented and they will be useful in the seismic design of in-filled frame structures.

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“…Generally, presence of these openings decreases stiffness and strength of infilled frames. A review of analysis and design provisions related to masonry infilled RC frames in seismic design codes of different countries shows that only a few codes have considered the effect of infill in analysis and design of masonry infilled RC frames (Kaushik et al 2006). On the other hand, the stiffness and strength of the infilled frames with opening are not taken care of by most of the codes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lateral Stiffness of Masonry Infilled Reinforced Concrete (RC) Frames with Central Opening

Mondal

Jain²

2008

Earthquake Spectra

Self Cite

122

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Window and door openings are inevitable parts of infill walls for functional reasons. Currently, publications like FEMA-273 and ATC-40 contain provisions for the calculation of stiffness of solid infilled frames mainly by modeling infill as a "diagonal strut." However, such provisions are not provided for infilled frames with openings. The present study proposes a reduction factor for effective width of diagonal strut over that of the solid reinforced concrete (RC) infilled frame to calculate its initial lateral stiffness when a central window opening is present. The study is based on initial lateral stiffness which is taken at 10% of the lateral strength of the infilled frames.

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Code Approaches to Seismic Design of Masonry-Infilled Reinforced ConcreteFrames: A State-of-the-Art Review

Cited by 115 publications

References 5 publications

Masonry Infill RC Frames with Openings: Review of In-plane Lateral Load Behaviour and Modeling Approaches

Masonry Infill RC Frames with Openings: Review of In-plane Lateral Load Behaviour and Modeling Approaches

Modelling and Analysis of Infilled Frame Structures Under Seismic Loads

Lateral Stiffness of Masonry Infilled Reinforced Concrete (RC) Frames with Central Opening

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