Codelivery of Doxycycline and Hydroxychloroquine to Treatment of Brucellosis: An Animal Study

Abstract

Evaluation of various biochemical and immunological parameters in infectious diseases is one of the best indicators for a diagnosis and treatment process. The main goal of this project is to determine the effect of hydroxychloroquine and doxycycline loading into solid-lipid-nanoparticles (DOX-HCQ-SLN) on the both acute and chronic phases of brucellosis. In addition, evaluate some biochemical factors, trace elements, and inflammatory elements. Blood serum levels of Zn, Fe, Na, and K and hepatic biochemical parameters (AST, ALT, ALP, and TBil) were remarkably different between infected and healthy rats. Vitamin D was decreased, and CRP was increased in chronic and acute brucellosis. Quantitative evaluation of these mentioned parameters can be useful to diagnose brucellosis in advance. Due to the good effect of the synchronized use of hydroxychloroquine and doxycycline in the form of nanoparticles, the manipulation of these nanoparticles can help for better treatment and also reduction in brucellosis reinfection.

Enhancing Therapeutic Efficacy against Brucella canis Infection in a Murine Model Using Rifampicin-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles

“…Nanoparticles have demonstrated notable enhancements in terms of permeability, targeted drug delivery efficiency, decreased toxicity, and other favorable characteristics when employed as drug delivery systems (DDS). , Poly­(lactic- co -glycolic acid) (PLGA) is a biodegradable and biocompatible copolymer approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) for use in several DDS, for biomedical use. , The PLGA nanoparticles show potential as DDS for a wide range of therapeutic agents toward different ends (antiseptics, antibiotics, and anti-inflammatory and antioxidant drugs) . Several studies have investigated the encapsulation of specific drugs in nanoparticles as potential treatments for brucellosis. − One such drug under investigation is rifampicin, which acts on bacterial polymerase by forming a stable drug–enzyme complex that inhibits bacterial DNA transcription . However, the use of rifampicin is limited due to several drawbacks, including its low bioavailability, which demands the administration of large doses throughout treatment.…”

“… 16 Several studies have investigated the encapsulation of specific drugs in nanoparticles as potential treatments for brucellosis. 17 − 19 One such drug under investigation is rifampicin, which acts on bacterial polymerase by forming a stable drug–enzyme complex that inhibits bacterial DNA transcription. 20 However, the use of rifampicin is limited due to several drawbacks, including its low bioavailability, which demands the administration of large doses throughout treatment.…”