Background: Practice management is an overlooked and undertaught subject in medical education. Many physicians feel that their exposure to billing education during residency training was inadequate. The purpose of this study was to compare resident and staff physicians in terms of their billing knowledge and exposure to billing education during residency training. Methods: Senior residents and staff physicians completed a scenario-based clinical billing assessment. Posttest surveys were completed to determine exposure to practice management and billing education during training. Results: A total of 16 resident physicians and 17 staff physicians completed the billing assessment. Overall, the billing accuracy of respondents was poor. Staff physicians had a greater percentage of correct billing codes (55.3% v. 37.5%, p < 0.001) and underbilled codes (6.2% v. 3.4%, p = 0.009), with fewer missed billing codes (38.5% v. 59.1%, p < 0.001), compared with resident physicians. The percentage value of correct billings was significantly higher for staff physicians (71.5% v. 56.8%, p = 0.01). In the posttest survey, 100.0% of residents and 79.0% of staff physicians desired more billing education during training. Conclusion: In general, staff physicians billed more accurately than resident physicians, but even experienced staff physicians missed a substantial amount of potential revenue because of billing errors and omissions. The majority of the residents and staff physicians who participated in our study felt that current billing education is both insufficient and ineffective. Incorporating practice management and billing education into residency training is critical to ensure that the next generation of medical trainees possess the financial competence to required to manage a successful medical practice. Contexte : La gestion médicale est un sujet souvent oublié et trop peu enseigné durant les études de médecine. Beaucoup de médecins ont l'impression que la formation sur la facturation offerte durant leur résidence était insuffisante. L'objectif de cette étude était de comparer les connaissances sur la facturation et l'exposition, durant la résidence, à la formation sur ce sujet des résidents et des médecins membres du personnel. Méthodes : Les résidents seniors et les médecins membres du personnel ont effectué une évaluation de facturation clinique à partir de mises en situation. Ils ont répondu à un sondage après le test pour déterminer leur exposition à la formation sur la gestion médicale et la facturation durant leurs études. Résultats : Au total, 16 médecins résidents et 17 médecins membres du personnel ont fait l'évaluation de facturation. Dans l'ensemble, l'exactitude de leur facturation était faible. Les médecins membres du personnel avaient un pourcentage plus élevé de codes de facturation corrects (55,3 % contre 37,5 %, p < 0,001) et de codes de facturation insuffisants (6,2 % contre 3,4 %, p = 0,009), et avaient moins de codes manquants (38,5 % contre 59,1 %, p < 0,001), comparativement aux médecins résidents. L...