Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation enhances testicular volume and hemodynamics, reproductive hormones, sperm quality, and seminal antioxidant capacity in goat bucks under summer hot humid conditions

Abstract

Oxidative stress (OS) is brought on by heat stress (HS), which weakens antioxidant defense and initiates OS. Since mitochondria are the primary source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), HS-mediated OS may be lessened by targeting mitochondria with particular antioxidants. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of oral coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation on the reproductive performance of goat bucks under HS conditions. Ten mature bucks were randomly separated into two groups and housed in an environment with a high-temperature humidity index (THI: 88.3 to 94.8; summer season). The first group (n = 5) got the baseline diet while the second group (n = 5) received supplemental oral CoQ10 (3 mg/kg BW; CoQ10 group) daily for six weeks. Testicular blood flow parameters (TBF), testicular volume (TV) and echogenicity (TE), nitric oxide (NO), seminal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and catalase (CAT) activities, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and semen quality traits were all measured. The examinations started a week before (W-1), on the first supplementation day (W0), and weekly for eight consecutive weeks (W1-W8). There were marked (P < 0.05) increases in TBF (W3-W6) and TV, and a decrease in TE (W3-W5) in the CoQ10 group compared to the CON group. Similarly, testosterone (T) and NO levels (W3-W5) in the CoQ10 group were higher (P < 0.05) than those of the control group. The CoQ10 group demonstrated significant (P < 0.05) increases in seminal CAT (W4-W8) and TAC (W2-W6) activities and decreases in ALT (W4-W7) activity and MDA (W5-W8) concentration as compared to the control group. The CoQ10 group showed improvements (P < 0.05) at W3-W6 for sperm progressive motility, viability, and normal morphology and at W6-W8 for sperm concentration. In conclusion, oral CoQ10 supplementation improved testicular hemodynamics, testosterone production, semen quality, and antioxidant capacity in goat bucks during summer heat stress conditions.

The effects of aging and gestational month on uteroplacental vascular perfusion, and umbilical artery hemodynamics in pregnant jennies

“…The umbilical vein blood flow area pattern was almost flat with a slightly wavy margin during all weeks of gestation, in accordance with human [49,50] and veterinary medicines [51,52]. Similar to our current study, gestational age related to the marked decline in umbilical artery PI has been reported [53], which reflects placental villous circulation.in addition; there was an inverse relation ship between both doppler indices and blood flow velocity [53][54][55][56], Moreover, Wladimiroff et al [57] calculated mean RI values at different gestational ages among normal pregnant women. Therefore, noninvasive color and pulsed wave Doppler sonography have been used to evaluate uterine and umbilical blood flow changes during normal pregnancy during different gestational months at different ages, as the changes in these two parameters provide a picture of intrauterine fetal development, as previously mentioned in pregnant buffalos [58,59], sheep [60], queens [61], and bitchs [62].…”

Melatonin improves post‐thaw sperm quality after mild testicular heat stress in rams

“…Lipid peroxidation of the sperm membrane impairs sperm function and reduces fertility, due to altered sperm motility, decreased membrane integrity, damaged sperm DNA and formation of cytotoxic aldehydes. This oxidative stress is more pronounced following HS, which causes oxidative stress and apoptotic changes in sperm (El‐Sherbiny et al, 2022; Rizzoto & Kastelic, 2019; Shahat et al, 2020).…”

Single melatonin injection enhances the testicular artery hemodynamic, reproductive hormones, and semen parameters in German shepherd dogs

“…The improvement of testicular blood flow by the melatonin injection led to a mark in both Doppler indices parameters of the distal supra testicular arteries (PI and RI), which have a strong negative correlation with blood velocities parameters (PSV and EDV), testicular volume and intra-testicular colored areas[ 53 – 55 ]. The marked linear decline in both two Doppler indices leads to a substantial decrease in the blood flow resistance pattern and, therefore, an elevation of the testicular blood supply with an increase in sufficient nutrients and oxygen within both testes [ 56 – 60 ].…”