Coexistence of two sympatric flagship carnivores in the human-dominated forest landscapes of Northeast Asia

Li, Zhilin; Wang, Tianming; Smith, James L.; Feng, Rongna; Feng, Limin; Mou, Pu; Ge, Jianping

doi:10.1007/s10980-018-0759-0

Cited by 45 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Mountainous areas presently act as refugia for large Asian felids in many range states, often because such habitat presents obstacles to human inhabitation. However, they are under increasing pressure from multiple threats whose function and effect can vary along the elevation gradients (Jacobson et al 2016, Li et al 2018, Penjor et al 2018, Vitkalova et al 2018, Farhadinia et al 2019, Suryawanshi et al 2019. Therefore, understanding the dynamic interaction between species requirement and resource availability along the elevation gradient can effectively inform protection plans.…”

Section: Synthesis and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vertical relief can affect the animal's perception of habitat, food resources, access to mates, refugia or escape from predators (Powell and Mitchell 1998, Stankowich and Coss 2006, Montgomery et al 2012. Incorporating elevation can provide better insight into coexistence of sympatric large carnivores (Husseman et al 2003, Li et al 2018. For example, elevation gradient can have differentiating effect both on selection of habitat and location of kill sites within a guild of sympatric carnivores (Husseman et al 2003, May et al 2008.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vertical relief facilitates spatial segregation of a high density large carnivore population

Farhadinia

Heit

Montgomery

et al. 2019

Oikos

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Quantifying the distribution and size of home ranges is critical for understanding animal spatial dynamics. This is particularly important for large carnivores in fragmented landscapes. Most studies that estimate home range consider only a bivariate frequency distribution represented by a two‐dimensional planimetric surface. The underlying assumption of these approaches is that the animals inhabit landscapes that are completely flat. Of course, this is rarely the case. Here we investigated the influence of vertical relief and three‐dimensional landscape features on the home range patterns of a high density carnivore. Via GPS telemetry‐tracking of a population of Persian leopards Panthera pardus saxicolor (n = 6), and globally‐available digital elevation models (DEMs), we calculated the surface area of home ranges in comparison to traditional planimetric estimates. We also investigated predation patterns of leopards across elevation gradients using GPS location data and kill site analysis. The topographic measurements exceeded planimetric estimates by up to 38% which suggests that planimetric modeling underestimates home range size, particularly when animals inhabit variable terrain. We also observed that resident leopards exhibit significant altitudinal partitioning of predation, suggesting that leopards that have overlapping home ranges may still utilize exclusive hunting territories. We discuss the ways in which planimetric approaches may be underestimating aspects of animal ranging behavior and ecology. We conclude that topography should be considered, not as an ancillary metric, but as an important aspect of home range calculation. Our approach can enhance understanding of spatial requirements, population density, intra‐guild sympatric competition and conflict management of large felids inhabiting rugged landscapes.

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Section: Synthesis and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical relief facilitates spatial segregation of a high density large carnivore population

Farhadinia

Heit

Montgomery

et al. 2019

Oikos

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“…Investigations of carnivore communities have revealed that carnivores alter their spatial distribution (Durant 1998;Hersteinsson, Macdonald 1992;Linnell, Strand 2000;Mills, Gorman 1997;Mitchell, Banks 2005;Rich et al 2017;Vanak et al 2013b) or their daily activity patterns Kitchen et al 1999;Major, Sherburne 1987;Palomares, Caro 1999;Wang et al 2015;Wilson et al 2010) due to interspecific interactions. Investigations of interspecific interactions that combine spatial and temporal analyses simultaneously, however, are exceedingly rare for elusive carnivores (Karanth et al 2017;Li et al 2019;Moll et al 2018;Niedballa et al 2019;Smith et al 2019). Yet, such studies may provide heightened insight on the ultimate causes driving co-occurrence of species' populations within communities, since investigations utilizing one dimension alone (spatial or temporal) may fail to elucidate how species alter both spatial and temporal use simultaneously to promote or discourage potential interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring and interpreting spatiotemporal interactions between native and invasive carnivores across a gradient of rainforest degradation

et al. 2020

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Larson, C. Miller, and H. Davis), and our Virginia Tech data entry volunteers. We thank the Antananarivo and Maroantsetra staff of WCS for their logistical support, the Antongil Conservation staff, and the Madagascar Ministry of Environment, Water, Forest, and Tourism for permitting this project (permit nos 128/11 and 128/12). Finally, we are grateful to the Associate Editor and anonymous reviewer(s) for their helpful feedback and recommendations on improving this manuscript.

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“…With the quick development of technology such as camera trapping, an effective non-invasive approach, such works are made more feasible for wild cat species [3,4,5]. Several camera-trapping-based field works have been conducted on large wild cat species in China, such as snow leopard ( Panthera uncia ) [6,7,8,9], common leopard ( Panthera pardus ) [8,10], and Amur tiger ( Panthera tigris altaica ) [10,11], which appear in a variety of studies. However, similar camera trapping studies are still needed for other wild cats that urgently require systematic study and protection, including the Eurasian lynx ( Lynx lynx , called lynx for short).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of Population Size and Activity Patterns and Their Relationship to the Prey Species of the Eurasian Lynx Using a Camera Trapping Approach

Tang

et al. 2019

Animals

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Simple SummaryThe Eurasian lynx has a wide distribution range in China, but lynx field studies in China are rare compared to those for European populations. Using camera trapping data, this paper reports the lynx population size, activity patterns, and variation within the prey community at a nature reserve in Inner Mongolia. The results found that there were at least 20 lynx in this reserve, and the population has increased steadily over years. There is a seasonal difference in the daily activity rhythms of lynx. The total activity rhythm of lynx is synchronous with five mammal species: hare, red deer, wild boar, raccoon dog, and badger. Red fox and roe deer showed a timed avoidance of lynx to some extent. The present study sets an example for biodiversity conservation; the recovery of prey communities through habitat management should be a priority in determining the restoration of large carnivore populations in China.AbstractRevealing the behavioral relationships between predators and their prey is fundamental in understanding the community structure and ecosystem functions of such animals. This study aimed at detecting the population size and activity patterns of Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) (along with its prey) by camera trapping monitoring from 2014 to 2017 at the Saihanwula nature reserve in central Inner Mongolia. The total effective trapping days were 29,892 and 20 lynx were identified from 343 trapping photos based on the inner side patterns of their forelimbs. The daily activity rhythms of the lynx overlapped with those of different prey in different seasons. The yearly activity pattern of the lynx was influenced by its main prey’s biology. In conclusion, this study reveals that the activity patterns of the top predator matched those of its prey in different time periods. Habitat management strategies promoting the restoration of prey communities would benefit the lynx in maintaining a stable community structure.

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Coexistence of two sympatric flagship carnivores in the human-dominated forest landscapes of Northeast Asia

Cited by 45 publications

References 55 publications

Vertical relief facilitates spatial segregation of a high density large carnivore population

Vertical relief facilitates spatial segregation of a high density large carnivore population

Exploring and interpreting spatiotemporal interactions between native and invasive carnivores across a gradient of rainforest degradation

A Study of Population Size and Activity Patterns and Their Relationship to the Prey Species of the Eurasian Lynx Using a Camera Trapping Approach

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