Lung cancer is a complex and multifactorial disease involving genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors. Amongst the latter, nutritional factors are of critical importance, including diet, alcohol consumption, body weight and physical activity. Because of being the most common cancer worldwide in both men and women, preventive measures should be strongly emphasized. The most important risk factor in lung cancer etiology is cigarette smoking, thus preventing the smoking onset and smoking cessation strategies are crucial. Moreover, there are ten nutritional factors to be addressed, like in any other cancer site prevention: alcoholic beverages, overweight and obesity, physical activity, red and processed meat, salt and salted foods, fruits and vegetables, dietary fibers, dairy products, beta-carotene supplements and breastfeeding. People should be more health-conscious, as lean as possible within the normal range of body weight, daily physically active, limit consumption of energy-dense food, of red meat, especially processed meat, salt, and eat mostly foods of plant origin. Avoiding sugary drinks and limiting alcohol intake is strongly advisable. Cancer survivors should follow recommendations for cancer prevention. As proven already, about one third of lung cancer cases are preventable through a healthy, balanced and diversified diet, maintaining a normal weight and practicing regular physical activity.