Cognitive‐Enhancing Effect of Aronia melanocarpa Extract against Memory Impairment Induced by Scopolamine in Mice

Abstract

Aronia melanocarpa (A. melanocarpa) berries are a fruit with a marked antioxidant effect. The objective of this study was to confirm the effect of A. melanocarpa berries extract against scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice using the Morris water maze and passive avoidance test. Moreover, we determined a possible mechanism of the cognitive-enhancing effect involving AChE activity and BDNF and p-CREB expression in the hippocampus of mice. A. melanocarpa berries extract attenuated the learning and memory impairment induced by scopolamine in the Morris water maze (79.3 ± 0.8 s of 200 mg/kg and 64.4 ± 10.7 s of 400 mg/kg on day 4) and passive avoidance tests (46.0 ± 41.1 s of 200 mg/kg and 25.6 ± 18.7 s of 400 mg/kg). A. melanocarpa berries extract reduced the acetylcholinesterase level in the hippocampus of scopolamine-injected mice and increased BDNF and p-CREB expression in the hippocampus. The major compound, cyanidin-3-O-galactoside, also reversed memory impairment. These results showed that A. melanocarpa berries extract improved memory impairment by inhibiting AChE and increasing BDNF and p-CREB expression, and cyanidin-3-O-galactoside may be responsible for the effect of A. melanocarpa berries extract.

Neuroprotective Effect and Molecular Mechanism of [6]‐Gingerol against Scopolamine‐Induced Amnesia in C57BL/6 Mice

“…Fermented Curcuma longa [ 30 ], Asparagus officinalis [ 31 ], Aronia melanocarpa [ 32 ], and pine needle [ 33 ] extracts improved memory dysfunction in SCO-induced amnesia models by increasing the expression of CREB (or p-CREB) and BDNF. Oleanolic acid is a naturally occurring triterpenoid that ameliorated SCO-induced memory impairment by modulating the BDNF-ERK1/2-CREB pathway [ 34 ].…”

The Effect of Long-Term Aronia melanocarpa Extract Supplementation on Cognitive Performance, Mood, and Vascular Function: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Healthy, Middle-Aged Individuals

“…In addition, multiple factors have been suggested as potential contributors to cognitive performance, such as increased levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) [15,16] and improved vascular health [17,18]. However, studies investigating the effect of anthocyanin-rich Aronia extracts on cognition as well as exploring potential underlying mechanisms such as BDNF and vascular function are still lacking, with only a few animal studies available [19][20][21]. Accordingly, the primary aim of this study was to determine the effect of long-term supplementation with an anthocyanin-rich Aronia melanocarpa extract (AME) on cognitive performance and mood in healthy, middle-aged, overweight adults.…”

Assessment of Hepatoprotective Effect of Chokeberry Juice in Rats Treated Chronically with Carbon Tetrachloride

“…Recently, a new area of chokeberry pharmacological activity was revealed, namely, cognitive-enhancing [26] and beneficial behavioral effects [27] in rats drinking chokeberry juice, as well as attenuation of aging-related degenerative changes in the brain of mice treated with anthocyanins from chokeberry [28].…”