Cognitive Function in Younger Type II Diabetes

Dey, Jayant; Misra, Anoop; Desai, Ninad; Mahapatra, Ashoka; Maruvada, Padma

doi:10.2337/diacare.20.1.32

Cited by 63 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…To date, only 2 groups have reported memory dysfunction in middle-aged subjects (4,18). Differences in patient (or control) samples and/or test selection could account for discrepant results across studies.…”

Section: Univariate Test Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data on the relationship between type 2 diabetes and cognitive function in middle-aged adults are far more controversial. Neurophysiological measures of brain activity during the performance of cognitive tasks have demonstrated consistently that middle-aged adults with type 2 diabetes have longer P300 latencies, which are indicative of abnormal brain function (17,18). On the other hand, the relatively few studies of cognitive function in adults Ͻ65 years of age have, with few exceptions (4,18), failed to find evidence of diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction (19)(20)(21).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neurophysiological measures of brain activity during the performance of cognitive tasks have demonstrated consistently that middle-aged adults with type 2 diabetes have longer P300 latencies, which are indicative of abnormal brain function (17,18). On the other hand, the relatively few studies of cognitive function in adults Ͻ65 years of age have, with few exceptions (4,18), failed to find evidence of diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction (19)(20)(21). Possible reasons for these negative findings include the use of an extremely limited neuropsychological assessment battery (21), very different patient populations (e.g., Native Americans with a relatively more brief duration of diabetes [19]), and small homogeneous samples of very healthy subjects (20).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Circumscribed cognitive dysfunction in middle-aged adults with type 2 diabetes.

2000

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OBJECTIVE -To examine the extent to which type 2 diabetes is associated with poorer performance on measures of learning, memory, psychomotor speed, and problem-solving in middle-aged adults. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-This cross-sectional study evaluated 50 adults (age range 34-65 years, mean 50.8) with type 2 diabetes and 50 demographically similar community control subjects without diabetes. Each subject received a thorough physical examination and a detailed neuropsychological assessment. Factor analysis was used to assign specific tests to 1 of 4 cognitive domains (learning, memory for stories, problem-solving, and psychomotor speed). Hierarchical regression analysis was used to identify demographic and biomedical variables associated with cognitive dysfunction.RESULTS -Learning, memory, and problem-solving skills were unaffected by type 2 diabetes. In contrast, psychomotor slowing was predicted by a diagnosis of diabetes (r 2 change = 0.075, P Ͻ 0.002) with additional variance in psychomotor efficiency explained independently by HbA 1 (r 2 = 0.064, P Ͻ 0.003) and vibratory threshold (r 2 = 0.112, P Ͻ 0.0001). The magnitude of psychomotor slowing on specific tests ranged from 12% (Digit Vigilance) to 23% (Grooved Pegboard).CONCLUSIONS -Middle-aged adults with type 2 diabetes manifest psychomotor slowing that is associated with poorer metabolic control, whereas learning, memory, and problemsolving skills appear to be largely intact. The development of psychomotor slowing may be a manifestation of a "central neuropathy" induced by chronic hyperglycemia.

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Section: Univariate Test Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Circumscribed cognitive dysfunction in middle-aged adults with type 2 diabetes.

2000

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“…12 Finally, we meticulously excluded diabetes and dyslipidemia in hypertensive patients, conditions shown by us in previous studies to interfere with cerebral functions even at a young age. 15,16 The decrease in rCBF in the present study was seen in the areas supplied by middle-cerebral artery, which is primarily affected in cases of hypertension. 30 There could be several reasons for cerebral hypoperfusion in hypertensive patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

“…In our previous studies, we have been focusing on cerebral and cognitive functions in young adult Asian Indians, specifically those with T2DM and with other cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidemia. 15,16 Interestingly, using SPECT of the brain, we recently showed abnormalities of rCBF in young hyperlipidemic patients. 16 We hypothesized that hypertension causes abnormalities in the rCBF in young adult Asian Indians.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of cerebral blood flow by single-photon emission computed tomography in young Asian Indians with hypertension

et al. 2005

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The objective of the study was to investigate abnormalities of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in young (age 33.076.3 years; range 21-45 years) non-diabetic and normolipidemic Asian Indians with hypertension. The rCBF was assessed with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in patients with hypertension (n ¼ 33) and healthy controls (n ¼ 20). The SPECT findings were normal in 41 subjects and showed abnormalities of cerebral perfusion in 10 subjects, all of which were hypertensive patients. These observations are extremely important for a vast number of young hypertensive patients in India. To prevent cerebrovascular accidents in future, patients with hypertension and decreased rCBF should be carefully monitored and their hypertension should be strictly controlled. These subjects may also be researched as potential candidates for preventive antiplatelet therapy.

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The Role of <EMPH TYPE="ITAL">APOE</EMPH> ∊4 in Modulating Effects of Other Risk Factors for Cognitive Decline in Elderly Persons

Haan

Shemanski²,

Jagust³

et al. 1999

JAMA

438

323

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Most healthy elderly people did not experience cognitive decline. Measures of subclinical CVD were modest predictors of cognitive decline. Those with any APOE epsilon4 allele in combination with atherosclerosis, peripheral vascular disease, or diabetes mellitus were at substantially higher risk of cognitive decline than those without the APOE epsilon4 allele or subclinical CVD. High levels of atherosclerosis increased cognitive decline independently of APOE genotype.

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Cognitive Function in Younger Type II Diabetes

Abstract: Central nervous system impairment, manifesting as mild impairments in certain cognitive skills, should be recognized as a possible complication of long-standing NIDDM, even in relatively younger individuals.

Cited by 63 publications

References 13 publications

Circumscribed cognitive dysfunction in middle-aged adults with type 2 diabetes.

Circumscribed cognitive dysfunction in middle-aged adults with type 2 diabetes.

Evaluation of cerebral blood flow by single-photon emission computed tomography in young Asian Indians with hypertension

The Role of <EMPH TYPE="ITAL">APOE</EMPH> ∊4 in Modulating Effects of Other Risk Factors for Cognitive Decline in Elderly Persons

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