Cognitive functions, lipid profile, and Apolipoprotein E gene  polymorphism in postmenopausal women

Bojar, Iwona; Owoc, Jakub; Owoc, Alfred; Wójcik-Fatla, Angelina; Raszewski, Grzegorz; Stanciak, Jaroslav; Raczkiewicz, Dorota

doi:10.5604/12321966.1152086

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…APOE is related to proteins such as the LDL receptor and VLDL receptor ligands, and is primarily synthesized in the liver and the brain. APOE regulates plasma lipoprotein metabolism by modifying the storage and distribution of cholesterol and lipids, and is closely related to lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis [ 10 , 11 ]. Many studies have demonstrated a correlation between APOE genotypes and coronary heart disease and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), especially with the APOE ε4 genotype; however, the relationship between APOE genotypes and diabetes or blood glucose levels has not been confirmed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Diabetes Susceptibility in Community Dwelling Han Elders Carrying the Apolipoprotein E 3/3 Genotype

et al. 2016

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Despite Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) being one of the main apolipoproteins in the blood, the association between its genotype and the high cholesterol or blood glucose levels commonly seen in clinical practice is inconclusive. Such research is also lacking in the Han population. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between APOE genotype, diabetes, and plasma glucose and lipid levels. We included 243 community-dwelling elderly residents in this study. Participant APOE genotypes were assessed and were simultaneously tested for weight, height, blood glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, and high- and low-density lipoprotein. In addition, gender, age, years of education, cognitive function, and medical history was recorded. Subjects were divided into 3 groups based on APOE genotype: APOE ε2 group (ε2/ε2 and ε2/ε3), APOE ε3 group (ε3/ε3), and APOE ε4 group (ε2/ε4, ε3/ε4 and ε4/ε4). Comparisons between groups were conducted for the incidence of diabetes, high blood pressure, and dementia, as well as for differences in body-mass index, fasting plasma glucose, and blood lipids. The APOE ε3/ε3 genotype exhibited the highest frequency (70.4%) among the subjects. Participants in the APOE ε3 group demonstrated significantly higher levels of fasting plasma glucose than those in the APOE ε2 and APOE ε4 groups (P<0.05). The APOE ε3 group had slightly higher abnormal fasting plasma glucose values than did the APOE ε2 group (P = 0.065). Furthermore, the APOE3 genotype was significantly correlated with both fasting plasma glucose level and glucose abnormality (P< 0.05) and trended toward statistically significant correlation with diabetes (P = 0.082). The correlation between APOE2 and low low-density lipoprotein levels also approached statistical significance (P = 0.052). Thus, elderly community dwelling residents of Han ethnicity carrying the APOE ε3/ε3 genotype might have higher plasma glucose levels and a higher occurrence of diabetes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Diabetes Susceptibility in Community Dwelling Han Elders Carrying the Apolipoprotein E 3/3 Genotype

et al. 2016

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“…education, health behaviors, serum hormones and CRP protein concentrations, on cognitive functions was analyzed [23,30,31,37]. The impact of cardiovascular risk factors on cognition was also considered [38,39]. However, further studies are needed to understand the wide range of risk factors of cognition impairment as well as the interactions between them.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of interactions between APOE and ESR1 polymorphisms on cognitive functions in postmenopausal women

et al. 2021

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Introduction: During menopause the level of estrogens is decreased, which may lead to cognitive impairment or dementia. Some forms of genetic polymorphism were found to be related to cognitive functions, including APOE and ESR1 (PvuII and XbaI) polymorphisms. In the present study we aimed to analyze the impact of interactions between APOE and ESR1 polymorphisms on cognitive functions in the group of postmenopausal women. Material and methods: The study group consisted of 266 postmenopausal women aged 50-65 years without symptoms of dementia. A computerized battery of the Central Nervous System Vital Signs (CNS VS) test was used to diagnose cognitive functions. APOE and ESR1 polymorphisms were genotyped using multiplex PCR and PCR-RFLP methods, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way analysis of variance in Statistica software. Results: The best memory, visual memory, processing and psychomotor speeds were found in women carrying the C allele of the PvuII polymorphism (TC + CC genotypes) in the presence of the APOE ε2/ε3 genotype, while a lower outcome was noted in women with ε3/ε3, and the lowest if they had the ε4 allele. In the case of women with TT genotype of the PvuII polymorphism, cognitive functioning did not decrease in women with the ε4 allele. A similar effect on cognitive functions was observed for AG + GG genotypes of the XbaI and APOE polymorphisms. Women who simultaneously carried CC PvuII and GG XbaI genotypes had the lowest cognitive functions. Conclusions: Interactions of polymorphic variants of APOE and ESR1 genes influenced cognitive functions in postmenopausal women.

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“…U około 60% Polek w wieku pomenopauzalnym stwierdza się otyłość brzuszną, która jest niezależnym czynnikiem ryzyka chorób układu sercowo-naczyniowego oraz nowotworów: raka endometrium i raka sutka [5]. Rozwój otyłości może wynikać zarówno ze spowolnienia tempa podstawowej przemiany materii, nieprawidłowych nawyków ży-wieniowych, stosowania wysokokalorycznej diety, jak i z braku aktywności fizycznej [12]. W etiologii otyłości wieku okołomenopauzalnego bierze się również pod uwagę fakt niedoboru estrogenów, progesteronu oraz obniżonego w tym wieku stężenia hormonu wzrostu, leptyny, galaniny, greliny oraz neuropeptydu Y [9].…”

Section: Prace Poglądoweunclassified

“…In approximately 60% of Polish women at postmenopausal age, abdominal obesity is noted -an independent risk factor of cardiovascular diseases and cancer: endometrial cancer and breast cancer [5]. The development of obesity may result from both a slowed rate of basal metabolism, poor eating habits, use of high calorie diet, and lack of physical activity [12]. In the aetiology of obesity at perimenopausal age, oestrogen and progesterone deficiency is also considered as well as decreased (at this age) levels of growth hormone, leptin, galanin, ghrelin, and neuropeptide Y [9].…”

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confidence: 99%

The polymorphism of estrogen receptor α is important for metabolic consequences associated with menopause

Pinkas

Gujski

Wierzbińska-Stępniak

et al. 2016

Endokrynologia Polska

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The menopause is associated with multiple health and metabolic consequences resulting from the decrease in oestrogen levels. Women at postmenopausal age are burdened with a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases, and the main cause of mortality in this group is ischaemic heart disease. Oestrogen deficiency is related, among other things, with frequent occurrence of dyslipidaemia, cessation of the beneficial effect of oestrogens on the vascular wall, and increase in body weight characterised by unfavourable redistribution of fatty tissue, with an increased amount of visceral fat and reduction of so-called non-fatty body mass. Oestrogens exert an effect on the metabolism, mainly through the genomic mechanism. The presence of a and b oestrogen receptors was found in many tissues and organs. Recently, attention has been paid to the fact that the effect of oestrogen action on tissues and organs may depend not only on their distribution, but also on their polymorphic types. This article presents the latest approach to the problem of metabolic consequences resulting from menopause, according to the possessed a oestrogen receptor polymorphism (ERa). Genes encoding for ERa have many polymorphic variants, the most important of which from the clinical aspect are two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): Xba1 and PvuII. The review of literature indicates that ERa polymorphisms are of great importance with respect to the effect of oestrogens on the functioning of the body of a woman after menopause, and may imply the development of many pathological states, including the prevention or development of metabolic disorders. Identifying ERa polymorphisms may be useful in oestrogen therapy for menopausal women who may benefit from it. (Endokrynol Pol 2016; 67 (6): 608-614) Key words: menopause; oestrogen receptor; metabolic disorders StreszczenieMenopauza związana jest z wieloma zdrowotnymi i metabolicznymi konsekwencjami wynikającymi ze spadku poziomu estrogenów. Kobiety w wieku pomenopauzalnym są obarczone wyższym ryzykiem chorób sercowo-naczyniowych, a główną przyczyną śmiertelności w tej grupie jest choroba niedokrwienna serca. Niedobór estrogenów związany jest między innymi z częstym występowaniem dyslipidemii, przerwaniem korzystnego oddziaływania estrogenów na ściany naczyń, zwiększeniem masy ciała charakteryzującym się niekorzystnym rozmieszczeniem tkanki tłuszczowej o zwiększonej ilości tłuszczu trzewnego i redukcji tak zwanej beztłuszczowej masy ciała. Estrogeny wywierają wpływ na metabolizm głównie poprzez mechanizm genomowy. Obecność receptorów estrogenowych a i b została stwierdzona w wielu tkankach i narządach. Ostatnio zwrócono uwagę na fakt, że efekt działania estrogenów na tkanki i narządy może zależeć nie tylko od rozkładu, ale również od rodzaju ich typów polimorficznych. W artykule przedstawiono najnowsze podejście do problemu metabolicznych następstw wynikających z menopauzy, w zależności od posiadanego polimorfizmu receptora estrogenowego alfa (ERa). Geny kodujące ERa mają wiele wariantów polimorfic...

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Cognitive functions, lipid profile, and Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism in postmenopausal women

Cited by 16 publications

References 24 publications

Enhanced Diabetes Susceptibility in Community Dwelling Han Elders Carrying the Apolipoprotein E 3/3 Genotype

Enhanced Diabetes Susceptibility in Community Dwelling Han Elders Carrying the Apolipoprotein E 3/3 Genotype

Effect of interactions between APOE and ESR1 polymorphisms on cognitive functions in postmenopausal women

The polymorphism of estrogen receptor α is important for metabolic consequences associated with menopause

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