Cognitive Reflection Effects on Time Discounting

Białek, Michał; Sawicki, Przemysław

doi:10.1027/1614-0001/a000254

Cited by 31 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Because of this, we decided to add a numeracy test to better assess the unique contribution of cognitive reflection in explaining delay discounting. For illustration, in our related work (Białek & Sawicki, 2018), performance on the CRT predicted consistency in delay discounting across varying reference points with ␤ ϭ Ϫ.20. But when we controlled for numeracy, the predictive power of the CRT doubled, to ␤ ϭ Ϫ.40, whereas numeracy was not a significant independent predictor.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Cognitive reflection but not reinforcement sensitivity is consistently associated with delay discounting of gains and losses.

Białek¹,

Bergelt²,

Majima³

et al. 2019

Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics

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We investigated potential predictors of the preference for smaller sooner over larger later monetary payoff, so-called delay discounting. Cognitive reflection is the tendency to override intuitive responses with deliberative ones. Reinforcement sensitivity captures the strength of an individual's reaction to possible gains or losses in their environment. In 2 studies (n ϭ 249), 1 exploratory and 1 preregistered, we found that cognitive reflection, but not reinforcement sensitivity, consistently predicted temporal discounting of hypothetical monetary gains and losses. We conclude that discount rates depend on how people combine various thoughts rather than on how strong is their sensitivity to gains and losses.

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confidence: 98%

Cognitive reflection but not reinforcement sensitivity is consistently associated with delay discounting of gains and losses.

Białek¹,

Bergelt²,

Majima³

et al. 2019

Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics

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“…Univariate analysis also found common correlations. Reflection test performance correlated with numeracy (Attali & Bar-Hillel, 2020;Białek, Bergelt, et al, 2019;Białek & Sawicki, 2018;Erceg et al, 2020;Patel, 2017;Szaszi et al, 2017), morality Patil et al, 2018;Reynolds et al, 2019), political orientation (Deppe et al, 2015;Yilmaz et al, 2019), and theism (Gervais et al, 2018;Pennycook et al, 2016). Further, older people were more conservative (Cornelis et al, 2009;Luberti et al, 2020) and women were less likely to endorse instrumental harm (e.g., Friesdorf et al, 2015).…”

Section: Univariate Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Your Health vs. My Liberty: Philosophical beliefs dominated reflection and identifiable victim effects when predicting public health recommendation compliance during the COVID-19 pandemic

Byrd¹,

Białek²

2020

Preprint

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Philosophers and scientists have emphasized how our responses to global crises are often alarmingly ineffective. For example, people often prioritize a few nearby victims over many victims abroad. We wanted to understand individual differences in responses to public health crises during the COVID19 pandemic. Two experiments investigated how compliance with public health recommendations depended on messaging, cognitive style, and prior philosophical beliefs (Total N = 998). One of the two experiments found that compliance with public health recommendations was slightly improved by messaging about individual victims compared to messaging about statistical victims—i.e., "flatten the curve" graphs. However, both experiments found that beliefs about morality were more potent predictors of compliance than strategic messaging or reflective reasoning. In the second experiment, religiosity and beliefs about science were similarly predictive. This suggests that non-compliance with public health recommendations may not be a matter of ineffective messaging or reasoning, but philosophical differences.

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“…Trzecia kategoria czynników kształtujących wybory międzyokresowe obejmuje wpływ refleksyjnego stylu poznawczego (Białek, Sawicki, 2018;Noori, 2016;Toplak, West, Stanovich, 2011), inteligencji (Shamosh, Gray, 2008) oraz zmiennych socjodemograficznych, takich jak wiek (Steinberg i in., 2009), dochód czy wykształcenie (Reimers, Maylor, Stewart, Chater, 2009). …”

Section: Czynniki Wpływające Na Siłę Dyskontowaniaunclassified

Związek wysiłku fizycznego z odraczaniem wypłat finansowych

Białek

Perkowska

2017

PJOEP

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Streszczenie:Zyski i straty zmieniają swoją subiektywną wartość wraz z rosnącym odroczeniem. Tempo tej zmiany, nazywane stopą dyskontową, określa impulsywność jednostki oraz pozwala przewidywać jej wybory, także finansowe. Badanie 61 osób przed ćwiczeniami fizycznymi i po ćwiczeniach fizycznych wykazało, że w wyniku wysiłku fizycznego stopa dyskontowa osób badanych wyraźnie wzrosła. Zaobserwowano zatem paradoksalny efekt wysiłku fizycznego, który w świe-tle innych badań długoterminowo poprawia zdolności do samoregulacji i obniża stopę dyskontową, ale w świetle danych zaprezentowanych w artykule krótkoterminowo przynosi dokładnie odwrotny efekt. Wyniki omówiono w kontekście modeli samoregulacji (siłowego i zmęczeniowego) oraz alternatywnych modeli: zgeneralizowanej deprywacji, skojarzenia wysiłku z nagrodą i błędnej atrybucji.Słowa kluczowe: samoregulacja, dyskontowanie, wysiłek fizyczny, zmęczenie. Abstract:The subjective value of gains and losses change as delays increase. The tempo of the change -the discount rate -describes the individual's impulsivity. It also allows an individual's choices, including their financial decisions, to be predicted. Participants (n = 61) discounted more strongly after physical activity than before it. A paradoxical effect of physical activity was observed: according to some research it increases the ability to self-regulate in the long run, but in our experiment it decreased the ability to self-regulate in the short run. The findings are discussed in the context of models of self-regulation (strength and effort models), and of alternative models: generalized deprivation, an association of effort with reward, and misattribution of arousal.

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Cognitive Reflection Effects on Time Discounting

Cited by 31 publications

References 33 publications

Cognitive reflection but not reinforcement sensitivity is consistently associated with delay discounting of gains and losses.

Cognitive reflection but not reinforcement sensitivity is consistently associated with delay discounting of gains and losses.

Your Health vs. My Liberty: Philosophical beliefs dominated reflection and identifiable victim effects when predicting public health recommendation compliance during the COVID-19 pandemic

Związek wysiłku fizycznego z odraczaniem wypłat finansowych

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