Cohabitation in imperial Russia: the case of Lithuania

Leinarte, Dalia

doi:10.1080/1081602x.2012.658146

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…63 In certain Orthodox, Catholic and Jewish communities of the Russian Empire, protecting family honour meant shaming and ostracising unwed mothers. 64 Often these communities refused to assume responsibility for children born out wedlock, so imperial institutions (like the foundling homes in St Petersburg and Moscow) were established to address the problems that this refusal raised.…”

Section: Single Mothers In Courtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Welfare Provision at the Imperial Edge: Single Mothers and Abandoned Children in the Late Russian Empire

Hearne

2022

Gender & History

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This article looks to the societal and imperial margins to examine attitudes towards social welfare provision in the final decades of the Russian Empire. Drawing on archival material from the Empire's Estliand province (now northern Estonia), the article focuses on the self-representation of single mothers and official discussions of abandoned children. Society was in flux in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, as rapid industrialisation, urbanisation and rural-to-urban migration served to undermine traditional social structures, mentalities and identities. These changes were accompanied by the disruption of the traditional patriarchal gender order, as well shifting ideas about who ought to be responsible for taking care of vulnerable groups. In rural Estliand, Estonian-speaking unmarried women sought engagement with Russian imperial judicial structures to secure child maintenance. In the early 1900s, anxieties about the social impacts of rapid urbanisation and industrialisation and the development of new currents in philanthropy, meant that care for foundlings and abandoned children became a burning issue in the minds of Estliand's provincial officials. Examining single mothers and child abandonment in Estliand illuminates tensions between empire-wide and local mechanisms for dealing with social issues, as well as shifting attitudes to gender, the family and charity in light of urbanisation and modernisation.In December 1910, a ticket inspector discovered an unaccompanied new-born baby in one of the third-class cars on the Pskov-Riga railway, a railroad line that cut through the region of the Russian Empire that comprises present-day Estonia. 1 The local police searched for the baby's mother and found Liza Laiden, who hailed from the Estonian countryside. Laiden admitted that she had given birth that day in a nearby town, but since the child was 'illegitimate' (nezakonnyi, literally translated as 'illegal') and the father refused to provide financial support, she made the snap decision to leave the child on the train in the hope that somebody else would take him to a foundling home. Laiden's child would have been classed as illegitimate under Russian imperial law because he had been conceived through the crime of fornication, defined in the criminal code as consensual sexual intercourse between heterosexual unmarried partners. 2 This article focuses on the two groups in the above case, single mothers and abandoned infants, to examine shifting perceptions about whose responsibility it was to take care of vulnerable groups in the final decades of the Russian Empire before its collapse in 1917. Taking the case study of Estliand province (Estliandskaia guberniia,

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Section: Single Mothers In Courtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Welfare Provision at the Imperial Edge: Single Mothers and Abandoned Children in the Late Russian Empire

Hearne

2022

Gender & History

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“…Nors tarptautinės mokslinės literatūros kontekste tyrimuose, nagrinėjančiuose suicidinį elgesį, pateikiami skirtingi pjūviai, su asmenų lytimi susijusi suicidinio elgesio statistika yra gilesnė -kokybiniu atskirų atvejų tyrimu paremta reiškinio analizė nėra atliekama. Atitinkamai Lietuvoje asmenų socialinės lyties raišką, konkretaus socialinio reiškinio, taip pat ir suicidinio elgesio kontekstą nagrinėjančių darbų vis dar maža, o juos galima susieti su keletu konkrečių autorių (Tereškinas, 2001;Leinartė, 2012). Susicidinis elgesys šiuolaikinėje visuomenėje traktuojamas kitaip negu istorinėse epochose, taikant hu-…”

Section: Tyrimo Metmenysunclassified

Nerealizuoti socialinės lyties uždaviniai kaip suicidinio elgesio riziką didinantis veiksnys: istorinė-kultūrinė reiškinio analizė

Šadauskas

2017

Socialinis Ugdymas

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Šiame straipsnyje atliekamu tyrimu bandoma nustatyti supančios socialinės-kultūrinės aplinkos veiksnių ir asmens lyties įtaką suicidiniam elgesiui. Remiantis istorine suicidinio elgesio statistika, rašytiniais socialinės istorijos šaltiniais, psichologine ir antropologine literatūra, apibūdinami vyrų ir moterų suicidinio elgesio dėsningumai skirtingų-Vakarų ir Rytų (islamo)-kultūrų pagrindu susiformavusiose visuomenėse.

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“…The only form of complete judicial divorce that was sanctioned by the jurisdiction of the Catholic Church was the acknowledgement of a legally invalid marriage as void, that is, recognizing its annulment. In the everyday life of Catholics, this meant that canon law testified to the very limited opportunities for separation and divorce (annulment of marriage) up until 1917 when civil registration was introduced in Soviet Russia (Leinarte, 2012a). In 1863 -1904 in the Kovno governorate, which was the largest Catholic part of tsarist Russia, only 89 requests for annulment of marriage were registered, and out of these, 77 court rulings handed down a negative verdict.…”

Section: Marrying Officially Versus Motives For Cohabitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cohabitation in Europe: a revenge of history?

Kok

Leinarte

2015

The History of the Family

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Unmarried cohabitation is often seen as a radically 'new' phenomenon, originating in the 1960s, but in fact it has long historical antecedents. The question is, however, whether traditional and modern cohabitation are comparable and whether we can speak of persistence. This article offers a literature review on cohabitation in Europe, with the focus on persistence over time, integrating the results of a 2013 conference on this topic. What sources are available to confirm or reject such persistence? How should we understand persistence? In terms of the motivations of unmarried cohabitants? Or in terms of the acceptance of the community at large? And if no real persistence is found, does this mean that European cohabitation since the 1970s truly represents 'new' behaviour? We show that, on the regional level, the legacy of the past is still visible in factors affecting the timing and frequency of marriage of cohabiting couples. These factors are a mixture of regional socio-economic constraints, the relative cultural importance attached to marriage, the religious history, and the level of secularization.

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Cohabitation in imperial Russia: the case of Lithuania

Cited by 6 publications

References 3 publications

Social Welfare Provision at the Imperial Edge: Single Mothers and Abandoned Children in the Late Russian Empire

Social Welfare Provision at the Imperial Edge: Single Mothers and Abandoned Children in the Late Russian Empire

Nerealizuoti socialinės lyties uždaviniai kaip suicidinio elgesio riziką didinantis veiksnys: istorinė-kultūrinė reiškinio analizė

Cohabitation in Europe: a revenge of history?

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