Cohort differences in adult-life trajectories of internal and external control beliefs: A tale of more and better maintained internal control and fewer external constraints.

Gerstorf, Denis; Drewelies, Johanna; Duezel, Sandra; Smith, Jacqui; Wahl, Hans Werner; Schilling, Oliver; Kunzmann, Ute; Siebert, Jelena; Katzorreck, Martin; Eibich, Peter; Demuth, Ilja; Steinhagen‐Thiessen, Elisabeth; Wagner, Gert G.; Lindenberger, Ulman; Heckhausen, Jutta; Ram, Nilam

doi:10.1037/pag0000389

Cited by 37 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Given that sexuality is considerably shaped by historical and social circumstances (Pettit & Hegarty, 2014), it stands to reason that attitudes toward sexuality differ across historical time and contribute to the occurrence of cohort differences in sexual behaviors and experiences (Mercer et al, 2013;Twenge et al, 2017). Additionally, historical changes in several life domains in late midlife that are closely intertwined with sexual functioning such as lower levels of loneliness (Suanet & van Tilburg, 2019) and higher levels of internal control among later-born cohorts (Gerstorf et al, 2019)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived Importance and Enjoyment of Sexuality in Late Midlife: Cohort Differences in the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA)

et al. 2020

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Introduction Age-related declines in multiple facets of sexuality in later life are well documented. However, most studies have been cross-sectional with data collected at one point in time, leaving questions about cohort differences and interrelated historical changes in physical health and psychosocial functioning unanswered. Methods We examined cohort differences in perceived importance and enjoyment of sexuality in late midlife using data from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA) obtained 20 years apart, 1992–1993 (N = 718) and 2012–2013 (N = 860), from two independent samples aged 55 to 65 years (both samples: Mage ≈ 60, 52–53% women). Results Later-born adults in late midlife reported attributing slightly higher importance to sexuality than their earlier-born peers and experiencing their sex life as slightly less pleasant. Effect sizes were small at the sample level (d < .15), but substantial for certain population segments. For example, historical increases in reported importance of sexuality were especially pronounced among women with no partner (d = .56). When controlling for socio-demographic, physical health, and psychosocial factors, cohort differences in perceived importance of sexuality remained significant, but those for enjoyment did not. Conclusions Late-midlife sexuality undergoes historical changes. Specifically, reported perceived importance of sexuality has increased over historical time, especially in particular population segments. Policy implications We discuss whether our findings represent historical changes in actual behavior, perception, or the willingness to report on one’s sex life.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived Importance and Enjoyment of Sexuality in Late Midlife: Cohort Differences in the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA)

et al. 2020

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“…Research has shown that old age has changed with historical time and "gotten younger" in several important aspects (Gerstorf et al, 2015), including perceptions of control. Gerstorf and colleagues (Gerstorf et al, 2019) suggest several reasons as to why the historical context should affect levels and trajectories of control beliefs. First, early life experiences of earlier born cohorts were characterized by dramatic events that left little control to individuals.…”

Section: Historical Differences In Perceived Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the current study, historical differences simply refer to differences between individuals at different historical time points (cf. Drewelies et al, 2019;. More specifically, we compare individuals retiring at different historical time points.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subjective well-being across the retirement transition—Historical differences and the role of perceived control.

Henning¹,

Segel-Karpas²,

Stenling³

et al. 2022

Psychology and Aging

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Given substantial cohort differences in psychosocial functioning, for example in perceived control, and ongoing pension reforms, the context of retirement has changed over the last decades. However, there is limited research on the consequences of such developments on historical differences in subjective well-being in the retirement transition. In the present study, we investigated historical differences in change in life satisfaction and positive affect across the retirement transition. We further included perceived control as a predictor of change in well-being. Analyses were based on sub-samples of retirees among three nationally representative samples of the German Ageing Survey (1996;2002; 2008) and their respective follow-ups 6 years later. Results showed historical improvements in preretirement positive affect (i.e., later samples had higher pre-retirement levels). Contrastingly, earlier samples showed a larger increase in positive affect across the retirement transition compared to later samples. No historical differences were found in life satisfaction. Perceived control showed no historical improvement and did not seem to contribute to historical differences in subjective well-being. Nevertheless, we found that the association of perceived control and positive affect increased over historical time. The results showed that the historical context seems to play a role in the experience of retirement, and that it is helpful to distinguish between cognitive-evaluative and affective components of well-being.

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“…Although different terms are used, all refer to individuals' belief and expectation that their actions can affect their world (Mirowsky & Ross, 1998). Sense of control is a vital psychological resource, repeatedly found to predict positive outcomes such as psychological wellbeing, physical health, and mortality (for reviews, see Gerstorf et al, 2019, Slagsvold & Sørensen, 2013. These positive outcomes are primarily related to the beliefs about being able to control, regardless of whether these beliefs are correct or not (Skinner 1996).…”

Section: The Boomers As Agentic and Expecting Influence And Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generational Tensions and Solidarity Within Advanced Welfare States

Falch‐Eriksen¹,

Takle²,

Slagsvold³

2021

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This book explores generation as both a reference to family or kinship structures and a reference to cohorts or age sets. The principal objective is branching out this two-part concept through studies of tensions and solidarity within and between generations of advanced and robust welfare states.Answering key questions using multiple disciplinary approaches, the book considers how generations challenge advanced and robust welfare states; how new and young generations are affected by living in an advanced welfare state with older generations; how tensions or solidarity is understood when facing challenges; and what the key characteristics are of certain generation types. It contributes to the development of a more comprehensive generation approach within social sciences by developing the concept of generation by exploring different challenges to the welfare state such as migration, digitalization, environmental damages, demands for sustainability, and marginalization. Highlighting the escalating tensions and altered versions of solidarity between generations, this book shows how a comprehensive concept of a generation can create new insights into how we collectively coordinate and resolve challenges through the welfare state. This book will be of interest to all scholars and students of social policy, sociology, political science, and social anthropology.

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Cohort differences in adult-life trajectories of internal and external control beliefs: A tale of more and better maintained internal control and fewer external constraints.

Abstract: html), and the Berlin Aging Study II (BASE-II; https://www.base2.mpg.de/ en). First, the BASE was initiated by the late Paul B.

Cited by 37 publications

References 91 publications

Perceived Importance and Enjoyment of Sexuality in Late Midlife: Cohort Differences in the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA)

Perceived Importance and Enjoyment of Sexuality in Late Midlife: Cohort Differences in the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA)

Subjective well-being across the retirement transition—Historical differences and the role of perceived control.

Generational Tensions and Solidarity Within Advanced Welfare States

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