Coincident development of sesamoid bones and clues to their evolution

Sarin, Vineet K.; Erickson, Gregory M.; Giori, Nicholas J.; Bergman, Ann; Carter, Dennis R.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0185(19991015)257:5<174::aid-ar6>3.0.co;2-o

Cited by 143 publications

(181 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Kim et al (2009) reported that the lateral fabella, the distal os sesamoide tarsale and the cartilagines plantares disappear in denervated specimens of Hymenochirus boettgeri, and similar results were obtained by Mikic et al (2000), who found that menisci and sesamoids of the joints were absent in late stage, immobilized chick embryos. Although the origin of sesamoid bones is controversial (Pearson and Davin, 1921a,b;Sarin et al, 1999;Doherty, 2007;Doherty et al, 2010;Jerez et al, 2010;Ponssa et al, 2010), sesamoids are thought to arise as a result of mechanical stress (Carter et al, 1998;Sarin et al, 1999;Sarin and Carter, 2000). Although sesamoids are small, their developmental response to mechanical stress differs from that of carpal and tarsal bones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life in the Slow Lane: The Effect of Reduced Mobility on Tadpole Limb Development

Abdala¹,

Ponssa²

2011

The Anatomical Record

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Movement is thought to be a primary agent eliciting basic responses in the vertebrate body, such as the proper development of the musculoskeletal system. Embryos do not passively await hatching or birth but rather begin active movement very early on in their development. Most studies dealing with embryonic responses to changes in mobility have been performed in chickens or mammals. Herein, we investigate for the first time whether the embryos of organisms that are free-living during development demonstrate the same morphological responses to reduced mobility as embryos that undergo development in controlled environments such as in utero or in a shelled egg. We changed the viscosity of the environment in which free-living anuran tadpoles grow by rearing them in an agar medium. We thus increased the viscosity of the growth medium resulting in a decrease in larval movement. We predicted that a substantial increase in viscosity of the medium in which the larvae were reared would have at least two consequences: (1) a reduction of tadpole mobility and (2) a delayed onset of skeletogenesis thus producing shorter long bones. Our predictions were upheld and tadpoles reared in an agar medium remain immobile longer and showed a delayed onset of skeletogenesis compared with controls. We propose that the developmental responses to the same stimulus are similar throughout tetrapods, regardless of their developmental context (i.e., intrauterine, within an egg, or free-living). Anat Rec, 295:5-17, 2012. V V C 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life in the Slow Lane: The Effect of Reduced Mobility on Tadpole Limb Development

Abdala¹,

Ponssa²

2011

The Anatomical Record

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“…Moles also develop a tibial sesamoid bone which, however, does not extend into the acropodial area as clearly as the radial sesamoid of the hand nor does it develop in association with a well-developed Msx2 expression domain as the radial sesamoid does. However, different sesamoid elements develop frequently coincidently [28]. Taking into account high incidences of certain sesamoids in conjunction with primary osteoarthritis [29], it was suggested that sesamoids tend to be linked in their appearance and that their presence may be owing to an increased tendency of endochondral ossification [28], perhaps manifested through genetic assimilation [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circumventing the polydactyly ‘constraint’: the mole's ‘thumb’

et al. 2011

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Talpid moles across all northern continents exhibit a remarkably large, sickle-like radial sesamoid bone anterior to their five digits, always coupled with a smaller tibial sesamoid bone. A possible developmental mechanism behind this phenomenon was revealed using molecular markers during limb development in the Iberian mole ( Talpa occidentalis ) and a shrew ( Cryptotis parva ), as shrews represent the closest relatives of moles but do not show these conspicuous elements. The mole's radial sesamoid develops later than true digits, as shown by Sox9 , and extends into the digit area, developing in relation to an Msx2 -domain at the anterior border of the digital plate. Fgf8 expression, marking the apical ectodermal ridge, is comparable in both species. Developmental peculiarities facilitated the inclusion of the mole's radial sesamoid into the digit series; talpid moles circumvent the almost universal pentadactyly constraint by recruiting wrist sesamoids into their digital region using a novel developmental pathway and timing.

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“…Interestingly, the presence of an os peroneum has been shown to be genetically linked to the presence of a fabella. It has been suggested that since the peroneus longus is an adductor of the hallux, the lack of hallux opposability in homo sapiens may result in a lack of mechanical stimulus for formation and maintenance of an os peroneum, with changes in degree of plantar flexion in contrast to lower primates leading to lack of stimulus for formation of an os peroneum [5,8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonographic Evaluation and Sonographic-Guided Therapeutic Options of Lateral Ankle Pain: Peroneal Tendon Pathology Associated with the Presence of an Os Peroneum

Sofka

Adler

Saboeiro

et al. 2010

HSS Journal®: The Musculoskeletal Journal of Hospital for Speci

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Clinical implications of acute injuries of the os peroneum have been described, with the recommendation in some cases being the excision of the bone fragments. We describe the spectrum of sonographic appearances associated with pain in the region of the os peroneum, document associated peroneal tendon pathology, and describe the use of sonography to direct and guide therapeutic and/or diagnostic injections. All sonographic examinations in our ultrasound database from Jan 1, 2001-Jan 30, 2007 with the words "os peroneum" were reviewed. Patients were crossreferenced in our radiology database to find relevant foot or ankle radiographs for correlation. There were 47 patients (18 men and 29 women, age range 16 to 83) referred for sonographic evaluation of lateral foot and/or ankle pain who had an os peroneum identified during the sonographic evaluation. Eighteen patients were referred specifically for targeted injection of the lateral ankle, including peroneal tendon sheath injections (N=10), calcaneocuboid joint injections (N=1), and injections around symptomatic os peroneum (N=7). All 47 patients had tendinosis of the peroneus longus, in varying degrees of severity. Radiographs were available for correlation in 28 patients. The causes of lateral ankle pain with a co-existent os peroneum are multifactorial and may not directly relate to the presence of an os peroneum. Ultrasound can be of value in separating out the specific etiology for pain, as well as provide a method for problem solving by the performance of targeted diagnostic or therapeutic injections in the lateral ankle.

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Coincident development of sesamoid bones and clues to their evolution

Cited by 143 publications

References 23 publications

Life in the Slow Lane: The Effect of Reduced Mobility on Tadpole Limb Development

Life in the Slow Lane: The Effect of Reduced Mobility on Tadpole Limb Development

Circumventing the polydactyly ‘constraint’: the mole's ‘thumb’

Sonographic Evaluation and Sonographic-Guided Therapeutic Options of Lateral Ankle Pain: Peroneal Tendon Pathology Associated with the Presence of an Os Peroneum

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