Cold hardiness of some Alpine Collembola

Block, William; Zettel, Jürg

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2311.1980.tb01118.x

Cited by 67 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Overwintering insects can overcome severe winters by increasing various polyols and sugars. Glucose, trehalose and fructose, as low molecular sugars, and glycerol, sorbitol and mannito, as polyols, have been detected in overwintering insects (Tanno, 1964; Block & Zettle, 1980; Sømme, 1982). Polyols such as glycerol are not detected in diapausing pupae of H. armigera .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Comparison of cold hardiness and sugar content between diapausing and nondiapausing pupae of the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Izumi

Anniwaer

Yoshida

et al. 2005

Physiological Entomology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. To understand overwintering of the cotton boll worm Helicoverpa armigera, cold hardiness and sugar content are compared between diapausing and nondiapausing pupae. Diapausing and nondiapausing pupae reared at 20 °C under short and long photoperiods are acclimatized with a reduction of 5 °C per 5 days to 0 °C. When the acclimation temperature reaches 0 °C, the survival of diapausing pupae is assessed. The survival gradually decreases as the period of treatment progresses and approximately half survive for 112 days. However, nondiapausing pupae survive only 14 days after exposure to 0 °C. The surpercooling points of nondiapausing, diapausing and acclimatized pupae are approximately −17 °C. The major sugars contained in pupae are trehalose and glucose. Even though trehalose contents in diapausing pupae (initial level: 0.6 mg 100 mg−1 fresh weight) increase significantly during cold acclimation and continue increasing until 58 days after exposure to 0 °C (maximum level: 1.8 mg 100 mg−1), glucose is maintained at low levels (0.02 mg 100 mg−1) for 56 days at 0 °C. However, glucose contents increase (maximum level: 0.8 mg 100 mg−1) with decreasing contents of trehalose 84 days after exposure to 0 °C. Glycogen content gradually decreases during cold acclimation. When nondiapausing pupae are acclimatized with a reduction of 5 °C per 5 days to 5 °C from the beginning of pupation until the eyespots move, trehalose content increases (maximum level: 1.0 mg 100 mg−1). Glucose contents in nondiapausing pupae increase before eclosion (0.09 mg 100 mg−1). From these results, diapausing pupae of H. armigera can overwinter in regions where average winter temperatures are higher than 0 °C, but nondiapausing pupae cannot.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Comparison of cold hardiness and sugar content between diapausing and nondiapausing pupae of the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Izumi

Anniwaer

Yoshida

et al. 2005

Physiological Entomology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Bimodality in the SCP of arthropods has been observed in other groups such as springtails and mites and exhibits different relationships with acclimation, gut content and feeding type (e.g. Block and Zettel, 1980;Cannon and Block, 1988;Fjellberg, 1976;Sømme and Block, 1982;Slabber and Chown, 2005). As occurs in others organisms (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Chill tolerance variability within and among populations in the dung beetle Canthon humectus hidalgoensis along an altitudinal gradient in the mexican semiarid high plateau

Verdú

2011

Journal of Arid Environments

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…In some insects, for example, supercooling capacity is enhanced by production of antifreezes (thermal hysteresis proteins) or accumulation of low-molecular-mass carbohydrates. Cold acclimation or acclimatization to winter conditions often coincides with elimination of ingested food and other potential INA, which is required for development of supercooling capacity (Block and Zettel, 1980;Sømme, 1982;Zachariassen, 1985;Bale et al, 1989;Duman et al, 1995). Evidence for seasonal variation in cold hardiness among ecothermic vertebrates is much less compelling , although recent studies (Costanzo et al, 2000b;) of hatchling C. picta have demonstrated an enhancement of supercooling capacity during cold acclimation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endogenous and exogenous ice-nucleating agents constrain supercooling in the hatchling painted turtle

Costanzo

Baker

Dinkelacker

et al. 2003

Journal of Experimental Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYHatchlings of the painted turtle (Chrysemys picta) commonly hibernate in their shallow, natal nests. Survival at temperatures below the limit of freeze tolerance (approximately -4°C) apparently depends on their ability to remain supercooled, and, whereas previous studies have reported that supercooling capacity improves markedly with cold acclimation, the mechanistic basis for this change is incompletely understood. We report that the crystallization temperature (Tc) of recently hatched(summer) turtles acclimated to 22°C and reared on a substratum of vermiculite or nesting soil was approximately 5°C higher than the Tc determined for turtles acclimated to 4°C and tested in winter. This increase in supercooling capacity coincided with elimination of substratum (and, in fewer cases, eggshell) that the hatchlings had ingested; however, this association was not necessarily causal because turtles reared on a paper-covered substratum did not ingest exogenous matter but nevertheless showed a similar increase in supercooling capacity. Our results for turtles reared on paper revealed that seasonal development of supercooling capacity fundamentally requires elimination of ice-nucleating agents (INA) of endogenous origin: summer turtles, but not winter turtles, produced feces(perhaps derived from residual yolk) that expressed ice-nucleating activity. Ingestion of vermiculite or eggshell, which had modest ice-nucleating activity, had no effect on the Tc, whereas ingestion of nesting soil, which contained two classes of potent INA, markedly reduced the supercooling capacity of summer turtles. This effect persisted long after the turtles had purged their guts of soil particles, because the Tc of winter turtles reared on nesting soil (mean ±S.E.M.=-11.6±1.4°C) was approximately 6°C higher than the Tc of winter turtles reared on vermiculite or paper. Experiments in which winter turtles were fed INA commonly found in nesting soil showed that water-soluble, organic agents can remain fully active for at least one month. Such INA may account for the limited supercooling capacity(Tc≈-7.5°C) we found in turtles overwintering in natural nests and may therefore pose a formidable challenge to the winter survival of hatchling C. picta.

show abstract

Cold hardiness of some Alpine Collembola

Cited by 67 publications

References 22 publications

Comparison of cold hardiness and sugar content between diapausing and nondiapausing pupae of the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Comparison of cold hardiness and sugar content between diapausing and nondiapausing pupae of the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Chill tolerance variability within and among populations in the dung beetle Canthon humectus hidalgoensis along an altitudinal gradient in the mexican semiarid high plateau

Endogenous and exogenous ice-nucleating agents constrain supercooling in the hatchling painted turtle

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About