Cold Model Study of Emulsification Behavior in Bottom Blown Metallurgical Baths Covered with Thick Slag

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations have been carried out to study interfacial velocity and its effect on slag emulsification at the steel–slag interface. The multiphase volume of fluid (VOF) method was used to track the interface between slag and steel and a user defined function (UDF) was applied to calculate the interfacial velocity and to track separate droplets. Slag entrainment based on composition adjustment by sealed argon bubbling‐oxygen blowing (CAS‐OB) process was simulated using different inlet velocities of steel. The main objective of the present work was to study how steel flow velocity effects droplet distributions. Continuous Rosin–Rammler–Sperling (RRS) distribution function was fitted to computational results in order to provide a quantitative description of the droplet size distribution. The generation rates of the interfacial area between slag and steel were estimated based on obtained RRS‐distributions. The Sauter diameter was found to vary between 4 and 6 mm and the generation rate of the interfacial area between 0.2 and 0.6 m2 s−1. The results agree well with previous studies presented in the literature.

Section: Size Distribution Of Slag Dropletsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Size Distribution Of Slag Dropletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulation of the Effect of Steel Flow Velocity on Slag Droplet Distribution and Interfacial Area Between Steel and Slag

Sulasalmi

Visuri

Kärnä

et al. 2014

“…Figure shows the relationship between the slit diameter of the purging plug and the slag eye area when the slit number is 50. When the gas flow rate increased, the slag eye area increased significantly, which is because the input energy is dissipated due to slag emulsification, generating slag droplets . It should be noted that, for cases in Figure , the gas flow rate in each slit is diminished due to the increased slit number and the enlarged slit diameter.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Physical Modeling Evaluation on Refining Effects of Ladle with Different Purging Plug Designs

Tan

Jin

et al. 2020

Circular slits are introduced in purging plugs for alleviating the stress concentration to prolong their service life. Herein, the effects of slits with different geometries on the mixing time, inclusion removal rate, and slag eye area are studied by water model method. Experimental results show that the inclusion removal rate decreases with increasing slit angle for the gas flow rate of less than 6.02 NL min À1 . Moreover, with slit diameter increases, the mixing time and inclusion removal rate decrease when a gas flow rate is less than 5.26 NL min À1 . The slag eye area increases with increasing slit diameter, and the slit angle has a positive influence on the formation of the slag eye. Finally, the optimization of the mixing time and inclusion removal rate for less consumption of stirring energy and less slag entrapment indicates that the smaller the slag eye area is, the better the refining effect is.

“…The relationship between the critical gas flow rate and the initial oil entrainment was derived for the bottom blowing conditions. Also, Khajavi and Barati investigated the emulsification behavior in bottom‐blowing metallurgical baths covered with thick slags. Dayal et al investigated the slag/metal interface during ladle treatment, when using bottom gas blowing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Physical Modeling Study on Slag Behavior in the AOD Converter Process

Lundkvist

Iguchi

et al. 2018

A water/oil physical model is built up to investigate the slag behavior under the side gas‐blowing condition of an AOD process. The critical side‐blowing air flow rates for the top oil entrainment and emulsification are investigated. In addition, the oil entrainment with the existence of solid particles is studied. Specifically, the influences of the tuyere size, oil viscosity, oil thickness, and volume fraction of solid particles in oil on the mixing phenomena are studied. It is found that oil viscosity is an important factor for the initial oil entrainment and emulsification. Oil thickness only has a slight influence on these phenomena. The critical air flow rate for both initial oil entrainment and emulsification increases slightly with an increased tuyere size from 2.0 to 3.2 mm. Empirical equations have been proposed to predict the critical air flow rate for the initial oil entrainment and emulsification. Furthermore, solid particles in oil are found to increase the critical air flow rate for an initial entrainment. This may be due to the increase of oil viscosity when solid particles exist in oil. In addition, a new model is developed to predict the oil viscosity when solid particles exist inside it.